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{December 4, 2011}  

Inilah Alasan Syahrini Dipilih untuk Menyambut David Beckham

Tribunnews.com – Selasa, 29 November 2011 16:48 WIB
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Inilah Alasan Syahrini Dipilih untuk Menyambut David Beckham

Syahrini menyambut Beckham

TRIBUNNEWS.COM, JAKARTA – Penyanyi yang terkenal dengan ucapan “alhamdulillah” dan “sesuatu”, Fatimah Syahrini Zailani alias Syahrini, terpilih sebagai artis untuk menyambut dan mengalungkan rangkaian bunga kepada bintang sepak bola David Beckham dan para pemain LA Galaxy lainnya di Hotel Ritz-Carlton Mega Kuningan, Senin (28/11/2011).

Banyak pertanyaan yang muncul mengenai alasan promotor Mahaka Sports dan Brown Sports Asia Management memilih mantan rekan duet Anang Hermansyah itu.

Namun Direktur Mahaka Sports, Hasani Abdulgani, punya alasan sendiri mengenai pilihan itu. Menurutnya, pelantun lagu “Aku Tak Biasa” itu sangat fenomenal, terutama di kalangan wanita.

“Kenapa sih semuanya mempertanyakan seperti itu? Memangnya kenapa kalau Syahrini?” katanya dalam keterangan pers bersama Bank Permata di Jakarta, Selasa (29/11/2011).

“Syahrini kan juga terkenal. Nah, sekarang yang disukai ibu-ibu kan, Syahrini. Yang dibuat oleh Syahrini kan pasti itu diikuti ibu-ibu. Lihat aja, entar lagi jambulnya Syahrini itu pasti bakal diikuti,” ungkapnya.

Syahrini merasa menjadi perempuan yang paling beruntung karena telah bertemu dengan Beckham dan pemain LA Galaxy lainnya. Bahkan dia mengaku sempat memegang dan mencium pipi suami Victoria “Posh” Beckham itu setelah tiba di tempat mereka menginap di Hotel Ritz-Carlton.

Syahrini berpenampilan menyerupai gaya Victoria dan menata poninya dengan agak tinggi sehingga menyerupai jambul.

Sumber dari : http://www.tribunnews.com/2011/11/29/inilah-alasan-syahrini-dipilih-untuk-menyambut-david-beckham



{December 4, 2011}  

David Beckham cs Gelar Coaching Clinic di Stadion Utama GBK

Tribunnews.com – Selasa, 29 November 2011 08:54 WIB
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David Beckham cs Gelar Coaching Clinic di Stadion Utama GBK

TRIBUNNEWS.COM/DANY PERMANA
Pesepakbola asal Inggris yang bermain untuk LA Galaxy, David Beckham, menghadiri konferensi pers di Hotel Ritz Carlton, Jakarta, Senin (28/11/2011). LA Galaxy akan bertanding dengan Indonesia Selection pada 30 November mendatang, di Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno. (TRIBUNNEWS/DANY PERMANA)

TRIBUNNEWS.COM, JAKARTA – Sehari menjelang pertandingan melawan Indonesia Selection, David Beckham dan rekan-rekannya satu tim di LA Galaxy bersedia untuk melakukan kegiatan Coaching Clinic kepada anak-anak muda Indonesia.

Direncanakan kegiatan Coaching Clinic ini akan dilakukan Selasa (29/11/2011) siang ini, di Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno.

Coaching Clinik merupakan rangkaian program kegiatan tim LA Galaxy jelang bertanding dalam laga persabahatan melawan Indonesia Selection di bawah asuhan pelatih Rahmad Darmawan. Pada kesempatan itu, David Beckham cs akan memberikan beberapa materi tentang tehnik bermain sepakbola.

Selain program tersebut, direncanakan juga akan digelar acara great and meet. Disinilah, para fans bisa bertatap muka dengan idolanya.

LA Galaxy tidak hanya dikenal dengan ikon David Beckham yang sudah mentereng. Mantan pemain Tottenham Hotspur dan timnas Republik Irlandia, Robbie Keane serta kapten timnas Amerika Serikat, Landon Donovan adalah satu tim Beckham yang akhirnya membawa LA Galaxy menjuarai Major League Soccer (MLS) pada musim ini.

Sumber dari : http://www.tribunnews.com/2011/11/29/david-beckham-cs-gelar-coaching-clinic-di-stadion-utama-gbk



{December 4, 2011}  

David Beckham, Selamat Datang di Indonesia!

Los Angeles Galaxy akan menghadapi timnas Indonesia pada 30 November 2011.

Senin, 28 November 2011, 07:08 WIB

Muhammad Hasits

David Beckham tiba di Bandara Soekarno-Hatta (ANTARA/Agus Apriyanto)
BERITA TERKAIT

VIVAnews – Hari ini Senin, 28 November 2011 skuad Los Angeles Galaxy akan tiba di Indonesia. David Beckham dan kawan-kawan diperkirakan tiba di Bandara Soekarno Hatta pukul 08.00 WIB.

Kemarin, skuad LA Galaxy sudah meninggalkan Amerika Serikat untuk terbang menuju Indonesia. Para pemain sudah boarding sekitar pukul 11.30 WIB dari Amerika Serikat untuk menuju Jakarta.

Selama di Jakarta, LA Galaxy akan melakukan serangkaian kegiatan. Selain melakoni pertandingan melawan Timnas Indonesia di Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno, Rabu 30 November 2011, tim besutan Bruce Arena tersebut rencananya juga melakukan coaching clinic dan meet and greet pada 29 November 2011.

Timnas Indonesia yang akan menjadi lawan tanding langsung mempersiapkan diri. PSSI langsung memanggil 21 pemain dalam partai yang disebut Laga Bintang itu. 11 pemain berasal dari Timnas SEA Games, sementara sisanya berasal dari Timnas senior. Timnas Indonesia akan dilatih pelatih Rahmad Darmawan di laga ini.

Sedangkan bagi masyarakat yang ingin menyaksikan langsung penampilan Beckham, pihak promotor telah mempersiapkan 76.000 lembar tiket bagi yang ingin menyaksikan langsung laga tim yang baru saja memenangi MLS Cup 2011 tersebut. Untuk harga tiket cukup bervariasi.

Tiket VIP barat dilepas seharga Rp750.000, VIP timur Rp500.000, Kategori I Rp250.000, Kategori II Rp150.000, dan Kategori III Rp75.000. Tiket pertandingan bisa didapatkan melalui Rajakarcis, Disc Tarra, Duta Suara, Travel Panorama, dan Ibu Dibyo. Ajang ini dipromotori oleh Brown Sports dan Mahaka Sports.

Sumber dari : http://kanalbola.vivanews.com/news/read/267728-selamat-datang-david-beckham-di-indonesia



{December 4, 2011}  

David Beckham

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David Beckham
WikiBex.jpg
Personal information
Full name David Robert Joseph Beckham
Date of birth 2 May 1975 (1975-05-02) (age 36)
Place of birth Leytonstone, London, England
Height 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)[1]
Playing position Midfielder
Club information
Current club Los Angeles Galaxy
Number 23
Youth career
Tottenham Hotspur
Brimsdown Rovers
1991–1993 Manchester United
Senior career*
Years Team Apps (Gls)
1993–2003 Manchester United 266 (61)
1995 Preston North End (loan) 5 (2)
2003–2007 Real Madrid 116 (13)
2007– Los Angeles Galaxy 74 (15)
2009 Milan (loan) 18 (2)
2010 Milan (loan) 11 (0)
National team
1992–1993 England U18 3 (0)
1994–1996 England U21 9 (0)
1996–2009 England 115 (17)
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 16 October 2011.
† Appearances (Goals).‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 3 November 2009

David Robert Joseph Beckham, OBE[2] (born 2 May 1975)[3] is an English association footballer who plays midfield for Los Angeles Galaxy in Major League Soccer,[4] having previously played for Manchester United, Preston North End, Real Madrid, and A.C. Milan, as well as the England national team, for which he holds the all-time appearance record for an outfield player.[5]

Beckham’s career began when he signed a professional contract with Manchester United, making his first-team debut in 1992 aged 17.[6] During his time there, United won the Premier League title six times, the FA Cup twice, and the UEFA Champions League in 1999.[6] He left Manchester United to sign for Real Madrid in 2003, where he remained for four seasons,[7] clinching the La Liga championship in his final season with the club.[8] In January 2007, it was announced that Beckham would leave Real Madrid for the Major League Soccer club Los Angeles Galaxy,[9] signing a five-year contract with them on 1 July 2007. While a Galaxy player, he spent two loan spells in Italy with Milan in 2009 and 2010. On 20 November 2011, he joined an elite group of players to have won three league titles in three different countries, when Los Angeles won their third MLS Cup.[10]

In international football, Beckham made his England debut on 1 September 1996, at the age of 21. He was made captain from 15 November 2000[11] until the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals,[12] during which he played 58 times. He earned a much-publicised hundredth cap against France on 26 March 2008,[13] and became the all-time outfield player appearance record holder on 28 March 2009 when he surpassed Bobby Moore‘s total of 108 caps.[5] With 115 career appearances to date he has stated that he does not intend to retire from international football, having missed the 2010 World Cup through injury and not featuring in England manager Fabio Capello‘s post-World Cup plans.[14]

Beckham has twice been runner-up for FIFA World Player of the Year[6] and in 2004 was the world’s highest-paid footballer when taking into account salary and advertising deals.[15] Beckham was the first British footballer to play 100 Champions League matches.[6] He is third in the Premier League‘s all time time assist provider chart, with 152 assists in 265 appearances.[16] He was Google‘s most searched of all sports topics in both 2003 and 2004.[17] With such global recognition he has become an elite advertising brand and a top fashion icon.[18][19] When joining the MLS in 2007 he was given the highest player salary in the league’s history, with his playing contract with the Galaxy over the next three years being worth US$6.5m per year.[20][21][22][23]

He is married to Victoria Beckham (previously Victoria Caroline Adams) and they have four children, Brooklyn Joseph, Romeo James, Cruz David, and Harper Seven. As of 2009, the couple’s joint wealth is estimated at £125 million.[24]

Contents

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Club career

Childhood and early career

Beckham was born at Whipps Cross University Hospital in Leytonstone, London, England.[25] He is the son of Sandra Georgina (née West) (b. 1949), a hairdresser, and David Edward Alan “Ted” Beckham (b. Edmonton, London, July–September 1948), a kitchen fitter, who married at the London Borough of Hackney in 1969,[26][27] He regularly played football in Ridgeway Park, Chingford, as a child, and attended Chase Lane Primary School and Chingford Foundation School.[28] In a 2007 interview, Beckham said that, “At school whenever the teachers asked, ‘What do you want to do when you’re older?’ I’d say, ‘I want to be a footballer.’ And they’d say, ‘No, what do you really want to do, for a job?’ But that was the only thing I ever wanted to do.”[29] Beckham’s maternal grandfather was Jewish,[30] and Beckham has referred to himself as “half Jewish”[31] and wrote in his autobiography “I’ve probably had more contact with Judaism than with any other religion”.[32] In his book Both Feet on the Ground, he stated that growing up he attended church every week with his parents and his older sister, Lynne Georgina and younger sister, Joanne Louise.[33][34]

His parents were fanatical Manchester United supporters who would frequently travel to Old Trafford from London to attend the team’s home matches. David inherited his parents’ love of Manchester United, and his main sporting passion was football. He attended one of Bobby Charlton‘s football schools in Manchester and won the chance to take part in a training session at FC Barcelona, as part of a talent competition. He played for a local youth team called the Ridgeway Rovers – coached by his father, Stuart Underwood and Steve Kirby. Beckham was a Manchester United mascot for a match against West Ham United in 1986. Young Beckham had trials with his local club Leyton Orient, Norwich City and attended Tottenham Hotspur‘s school of excellence. Tottenham Hotspur was the first club he played for. During a two-year period in which Beckham played for Brimsdown Rovers‘ youth team, he was named Under-15 Player of the Year in 1990.[35] He also attended Bradenton Preparatory Academy, but signed schoolboy forms at Manchester United on his fourteenth birthday, and subsequently signed a Youth Training Scheme contract on 8 July 1991.

Manchester United

Beckham was part of a group of young players at the club who guided the club to win the FA Youth Cup in May 1992, with Beckham scoring in the second leg[36] of the final against Crystal Palace. He made his first appearance for United’s first-team that year, as a substitute in a League Cup match against Brighton & Hove Albion, and signed his first professional contract shortly afterwards. United reached the final of the Youth Cup again the following year, with Beckham playing in their defeat by Leeds United, and he won another medal in 1994 when the club’s reserve team won their league, although he did not play in any first team games that season.

On 7 December 1994, Beckham made his UEFA Champions League debut, scoring a goal in a 4–0 victory at home to Galatasaray in the final game of the group stage. However, this victory was of little use as they finished third out of four in their group behind FC Barcelona on goal difference.

He then went to Preston North End on loan for part of the 1994–95 season to get some first team experience. He impressed, scoring two goals in five appearances, notably scoring directly from a corner kick.[37] Beckham returned to Manchester and finally made his Premier League debut for Manchester United on 2 April 1995, in a goal-less draw against Leeds United. He played four times for United in the league that season, as they finished second behind Blackburn Rovers and missed a third successive Premier League title by a single point. He was not in the squad for United’s FA Cup final clash with Everton on 20 May, which they lost 1–0 and were left without a major trophy for the first time since 1989.

United manager Sir Alex Ferguson had a great deal of confidence in the club’s young players. Beckham was part of a group of young talents Ferguson brought in to United in the 1990s (known as “Fergie’s Fledglings“), which included Nicky Butt and Gary and Phil Neville. When experienced players Paul Ince, Mark Hughes, and Andrei Kanchelskis left the club after the end of the 1994–95 season, his decision to let youth team players replace them instead of buying star players from other clubs (United had been linked with moves for players including Darren Anderton, Marc Overmars, and Roberto Baggio, but no major signings were made that summer), drew a great deal of criticism. The criticism increased when United started the season with a 3–1 defeat at Aston Villa,[38] with Beckham scoring United’s only goal of the game; however, United won their next five matches and the young players performed well.

Beckham swiftly established himself as United’s right-sided midfielder (rather than a right-winger in the style of his predecessor Andrei Kanchelskis) and helped them to win the Premier League title and FA Cup double that season, scoring the winner in the semi-final against Chelsea and also provided the corner that Eric Cantona scored from in the FA Cup Final. Beckham’s first title medal had, for a while, looked like it would not be coming that season, as United were still 10 points adrift of leaders Newcastle United at the turn of the new year, but Beckham and his team-mates had overhauled the Tynesiders at the top of the league by mid March and they remained top until the end of the season.

Despite playing regularly (and to a consistently high standard) for Manchester United, Beckham did not break into the England squad before Euro 96.[39]

At the beginning of the 1996–97 season David Beckham was given the number 10 shirt that had most recently been worn by Mark Hughes. On 17 August 1996 (the first day of the Premier League season), Beckham became something of a household name when he scored a spectacular goal in a match against Wimbledon. With United leading 2–0, Beckham noticed that Wimbledon’s goalkeeper Neil Sullivan was standing a long way out of his goal, and hit a shot from the halfway line that floated over the goalkeeper and into the net.[40] When Beckham scored his famous goal, he did so in shoes custom-made for Charlie Miller (“Charlie” embroidered on boots), which had been given to Beckham by mistake.[41] In a UK poll conducted by Channel 4 in 2002, the British public voted the goal No.18 in the list of the 100 Greatest Sporting Moments.[42] During the 1996–97 season, he became an automatic first-choice player at United helping them to retain the Premier League championship, and being voted PFA Young Player of the Year by his peers.[43]

On 18 May 1997, Eric Cantona retired as a player and left the coveted number 7 shirt free, and with Teddy Sheringham arriving from Tottenham Hotspur as Cantona’s successor, Beckham left his number 10 shirt for Sheringham and picked up the number 7 jersey. Some fans had felt the number 7 shirt should be retired after Cantona had himself retired, but the shirt number remains in use to this day (most recently by another England star Michael Owen).

United started the 1997–98 season well but erratic performances in the second half of the season saw United finish second behind Arsenal.[44]

In the 1998–99 season, he was part of the United team that won The Treble of the Premier League, FA Cup and Champions League, a unique feat in English football. There had been speculation that the criticism that he had received after being sent off in the World Cup would lead to him leaving England, but he decided to stay at Manchester United.

To ensure they would win the Premier League title, United needed to win their final league match of the season, at home to Tottenham Hotspur (with reports suggesting that the opposition would allow themselves to be easily beaten to prevent their deadly local rivals Arsenal from retaining the title), but Tottenham took an early lead in the match. Beckham scored the equaliser and United went on to win the match and the league.

Beckham played centre-midfield in United’s win over Bayern Munich in the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final, since United’s first string centre-midfielders Paul Scholes and Roy Keane were suspended for the match. United were losing the match 1–0 at the end of normal time, but won the trophy by scoring two goals in injury time. Both of the goals came from corners taken by Beckham. Those crucial assists, coupled with great performances over the rest of the season, led to him finishing runner up to Rivaldo for 1999’s European Footballer of the Year and FIFA World Player of the Year awards.

Beckham in a match against Bristol Rovers

Despite Beckham’s achievements in the 1998–99 season, he was still unpopular among some opposition fans and journalists, and he was criticised after being sent off for a deliberate foul in Manchester United’s World Club Championship match against Necaxa. It was suggested in the press that his wife was a bad influence on him, and that it might be in United’s interests to sell him,[45] but his manager publicly backed him and he stayed at the club. During the 1999–2000 season, there was a talk of a transfer to Juventus in Italy, but this never happened.

By the early 2000s, the relationship between Ferguson and Beckham had begun to deteriorate, possibly as a result of Beckham’s fame and commitments away from football. In 2000, Beckham was given permission to miss training to look after his son Brooklyn, who had gastroenteritis, but Ferguson was furious when Victoria Beckham was photographed at a London Fashion Week event on the same night, claiming that Beckham would have been able to train if Victoria had looked after Brooklyn that day. He responded by fining Beckham the maximum amount that was permitted (two weeks’ wages – then £50,000) and dropping him for a crucial match against United’s rivals Leeds United. He later criticised Beckham for this in his autobiography, claiming he had not been “fair to his teammates”[46] Beckham had a good season for his club, though, and helped United to win the Premier League by a record margin.

“He was never a problem until he got married. He used to go into work with the academy coaches at night time, he was a fantastic young lad. Getting married into that entertainment scene was a difficult thing – from that moment, his life was never going to be the same. He is such a big celebrity, football is only a small part.”‘ – Alex Ferguson speaking about Beckham’s marriage in 2007.[47]

Beckham helped United retain the Premier League title in 1999–2000 by an 18-point margin – after being pushed by Arsenal and Leeds United for much of the season, United won their final 11 league games of the season, with Beckham scoring five goals during this fantastic run of form. He managed six league goals that season, and scored eight goals in all competitions.

He was a key player in United’s third successive league title in 2000–01 – only the fourth time that any club had achieved three league titles in a row. He scored nine goals that season, all in the Premier League.

On 10 April 2002, Beckham was injured during a Champions League match against Deportivo La Coruña, breaking the second metatarsal bone in his left foot. There was speculation in the British media that the injury might have been caused deliberately, as the player who had injured Beckham was Argentine Aldo Duscher, and England and Argentina were due to meet in that year’s World Cup.[48] The injury prevented Beckham from playing for United for the rest of the season and they missed out on the Premier League title to Arsenal (also being knocked out of the European Cup by Bayer Leverkusen on away goals in the semi-finals), but he signed a three-year contract in May, following months of negotiations with the club, mostly concerning extra payments for his image rights. The income from his new contract, and his many endorsement deals, made him the highest-paid player in the world at the time.[49]

2001–02 was arguably Beckham’s best season as a United player, though. He scored 11 goals in 28 league games, and a total of 16 goals in 42 games in all competitions, the best tally of his career.

Following an injury early in the 2002–03 season, Beckham was unable to regain his place on the Manchester United team, with Ole Gunnar Solskjær having replaced him on the right side of midfield. His relationship with his manager deteriorated further on 15 February 2003 when, in the changing room following an FA Cup defeat to Arsenal, a furious Alex Ferguson threw[50][51][52][53][54] [55][56] or kicked a boot that struck Beckham over the eye, causing a cut that required stitches. The incident led to a great deal of transfer speculation involving Beckham, with bookmakers offering odds on whether he or Ferguson would be first to leave the club.[57] Although the team had started the season badly, their results improved greatly from December onwards and they won the league, with Beckham managing a total of 11 goals in 52 games in all competitions.

He was still a first-choice player for England, however, and was awarded an OBE for services to football on 13 June 2003.[58]

Beckham had made 265 Premier league appearances for United and scored 61 goals. He also made 81 Champions league appearances, scoring 15 goals. Beckham won six Premier League titles, two FA Cups, one European Cup, one Intercontinental Cup, and one FA Youth Cup in the space of 12 years. By this stage, he was their joint second longest serving player behind Ryan Giggs (having joined them at the same time as Nicky Butt, Gary Neville and Paul Scholes).

Real Madrid

Beckham (top) and Zinedine Zidane at Real Madrid in August 2003

As the summer 2003 transfer window approached Manchester United appeared keen to sell Beckham to FC Barcelona[59] and the two clubs even announced that they reached a deal to move the player to Barcelona,[60] but instead he joined reigning Spanish champions Real Madrid for €35 million (£25m) transfer fee[61] on a four-year contract as the latest of the galáctico signings by club president Florentino Pérez. The news came as a bitter pill to the newly elected Barça president Joan Laporta who based much of his presidential campaign precisely on signing Beckham.[62] Though announced in mid-June, the transfer was completed on 1 July 2003, making him the third Englishman to play for the club after Laurie Cunningham and Steve McManaman. Following a successful medical on 2 July, Beckham was unveiled in front of 500 accredited journalists from 25 countries at Real’s basketball facility where he was handed the Real shirt by club legend Alfredo di Stéfano.[63] Although Beckham had worn the number seven shirt for Manchester United and England, he was unable to wear it at Madrid as it was currently assigned to club captain Raúl. The Englishman decided to wear number 23 instead, citing his admiration of basketball player Michael Jordan, who also wore the number 23 shirt, as the reason behind his decision.[64]

In the week before Beckham presentation, Real named Carlos Queiroz as their new head coach, meaning that Beckham got reunited with a familiar face upon arriving to Madrid since Queiroz spent the previous season as Alex Ferguson’s assistant at Manchester United. In late July 2003, the club went on a tour of the Far East as part of the pre-season training, but also to cash in on Beckham’s huge marketing appeal in Asia where he enjoyed tremendous following. Real’s brand recognition in that part of the globe was already well established as the club made financially successful trips to Asia during previous off-seasons, however the presence of global marketing icon such as Beckham made this particular tour a financial smash for los Merengues.[65]

Shortly after his Real switch, Beckham also dropped his longtime agent Tony Stephens of SFX Europe who guided him to and through super-stardom and was one of the key players that engineered Beckham’s move from Manchester to Madrid. Beckham signed on with Simon Fuller and his company 19 Entertainment that already managed the career of David’s wife Victoria.[66] Beckham also appointed close friend Terry Byrne to be his personal manager.[20][67]

In late August 2003, Real Madrid won the Spanish Super Cup over two legs versus RCD Mallorca, with Beckham scoring the final goal in a 3–0 return leg win at home, thus setting the stage for the start of the league season. Playing on a star-laden team along with Zinedine Zidane, Ronaldo, Luis Figo, Roberto Carlos, Raúl, Iker Casillas, etc., Beckham did not require much time to settle in, scoring five times in his first 16 matches (including a goal less than three minutes into his La Liga debut). Queiroz mostly favoured the adaptable 5–3–2 formation with two fullbacks Michel Salgado and Roberto Carlos often joining the attack down the wings, while Beckham quickly found a regular playing spot on the right of the 3-man midfield alongside Zidane and Figo.[68]

Real Madrid were runners-up in the Copa del Rey, were knocked out of the UEFA Champions League at the quarter-final stage and finished the league season in fourth place, meaning the team, whose president Pérez expected them to win either the Spanish league or the Champions League each season, did not match expectations.

In July 2004, while Beckham was in pre-season training in Spain, an intruder scaled a wall at the Beckham home while carrying a can of petrol. Victoria and their children were in the house at the time, but security guards apprehended the man before he reached the house.[69]

The league season began with new head coach José Antonio Camacho behind the bench, but he ended up lasting only three matches, handing in his resignation following week 3 fixture as Real dropped to eighth spot in the La Liga standings. Camacho’s assistant Mariano García Remón took over on temporary basis as Real leadership scrambled to find a permanent replacement. Beckham made more headlines on 9 October 2004 when he admitted intentionally fouling Ben Thatcher in an England match against Wales in order to get himself booked. Beckham was due to receive a one-match suspension for his next caution, and had picked up an injury, which he knew would keep him out of England’s next match, so he deliberately fouled Thatcher in order to serve his suspension in a match that he would have had to miss anyway. The Football Association asked Beckham for an explanation of his actions and he admitted that he had “made a mistake” and apologised.[70] He was sent off shortly afterwards, this time in a league match for Real Madrid against Valencia CF. Having received a yellow card, he was judged to have sarcastically applauded the referee and was given a second yellow card, causing an automatic dismissal, although the suspension was cancelled on appeal two days later.

By Christmas 2004, with the team sitting in second league spot, García Remón was gone as Vanderlei Luxemburgo became the new head coach. However, the well-traveled Brazilian failed to inspire the team to the title as Real again finished the season in the runner-up spot.

On 3 December 2005, Beckham was sent off for the third time that season in a league match against Getafe CF. One day later Luxemburgo got the axe and was replaced with Juan Ramón López Caro. By the end of that season, Beckham led La Liga in number of assists.

Warming up with Real Madrid in August 2006

During the season, Beckham established football academies in Los Angeles and east London and he was named a judge for the 2006 British Book Awards.[71] Real Madrid finished second to Barcelona in the 2005–06 La Liga, albeit with a large 12-point gap, and reached the last 16 only in the Champions League after losing to Arsenal. The season also marked the end of an era for the club as Pérez resigned his president post in January 2006 with Vicente Boluda named as replacement on interim basis until the end of the season.

The summer 2006 off-season marked a turbulent time as club president elections were held. Ramón Calderón became the new Real president. As expected, none of the club officials that served under the previous president were kept, including head coach López Caro.

Initially out of favour with newly arrived head coach Fabio Capello, Beckham started only a few games at the beginning of the season, as the speedier José Antonio Reyes was normally preferred on the right wing. In the first nine matches Beckham started, Real lost seven.

On 10 January 2007, after prolonged contract negotiations, Real Madrid’s sporting director Predrag Mijatović announced that Beckham would not remain at Real Madrid after the end of the season. However, he later claimed that he was mistranslated and that he actually said that Beckham’s contract had not yet been renewed.[72]

On 11 January 2007, Beckham announced that he had signed a five-year deal to play for Los Angeles Galaxy beginning 1 July 2007. On 13 January 2007, Fabio Capello said that Beckham had played his last game for Real Madrid, although he would continue to train with the team.[73] A few days later while speaking to the students at Villanueva University Center in Madrid, club president Calderón said that Beckham is “going to Hollywood to be half a film star”, adding “our technical staff were right not to extend his contract, which has been proved by the fact that no other technical staff in the world wanted him except Los Angeles”.[74]

However, about a month later, Capello backtracked on his earlier statement, allowing Beckham to rejoin the team for the match against Real Sociedad on 10 February 2007. The player immediately repaid his head coach’s trust by scoring the equalising goal from a 27-yard free kick as Real Madrid eventually recorded a 2–1 victory.[75] In his final UEFA Champions League appearance for the club, Real Madrid were knocked out of the competition by Bayern Munich at the round-of-16 stage (on the away goals rule) on 7 March 2007. The return leg against Bayern was Beckham’s 103rd match in the Champions League, at the time placing him third on the all-time appearances list in the competition.

Beckham’s last season in Real Madrid

On 17 June 2007, the last day of the La Liga season, Beckham started in his final match for the club, a 3–1 win over RCD Mallorca, which saw them clinch the title from Barcelona. With Real down 0–1 Beckham limped off the field and was replaced by José Antonio Reyes who scored two goals leading the team to that season’s La Liga title, their first since Beckham had signed with them and 30th overall in club’s history. Although Real and Barca both finished level on points, Madrid took the title because of superior head-to-head record, capping a remarkable six-month turnaround for Beckham. With his wife and children along with celebrity friends Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes watching from a luxury box at Bernabeu Stadium, it was only Beckham’s second piece of silverware since he joined the famous club.

Towards the end of the season, as Beckham was getting back into Capello’s good books after successfully fighting his way back into the first team, Real Madrid announced they would try to untie his transfer to LA Galaxy, but were ultimately unsuccessful.[76] Several weeks before Beckham’s scheduled arrival to the United States, Real’s management contacted LA Galaxy’s ownership group about reacquiring the player, but were quickly turned down.[77]

A month after the conclusion of Beckham’s Real career, Forbes magazine reported that he had been the party primarily responsible for the team’s huge increase in merchandise sales, a total reported to top US$600 million during Beckham’s four years at the club.[78]

Los Angeles Galaxy

I’m coming there not to be a superstar. I’m coming there to be part of the team, to work hard and to hopefully win things. With me, it’s about football. I’m coming there to make a difference. I’m coming there to play football … I’m not saying me coming over to the States is going to make soccer the biggest sport in America. That would be difficult to achieve. Baseball, basketball, American football, they’ve been around. But I wouldn’t be doing this if I didn’t think I could make a difference.[79]

Beckham on going to America
From ESPN

Beckham (centre) scores his first goal for LA Galaxy

Beckham’s involvement with Major League Soccer began while he was still a Real Madrid player when it was confirmed on 11 January 2007 that the world’s most famous footballer would be leaving Madrid in six months in order to join MLS’ Los Angeles Galaxy. The speculation about his new contract in Madrid was thus put to an end and the following day Beckham’s official press conference was held in conjunction with the 2007 MLS SuperDraft.[80]

Predictably, the announcement made top news all across the globe. Though many worldwide media outlets reported the deal to be worth US$250 million,[81] the astronomical figure was soon revealed to be something of a PR stunt engineered by Beckham’s media handlers (British representative agency 19 Entertainment).[82] In order to maximise the media effect, in the press release they decided to list the potential sum that Beckham could make over the 5-year period from all his revenue sources, which in addition to his Galaxy pay also include his personal endorsements. Beckham’s actual deal with the Galaxy was a 5-year contract worth US$32.5 million in total or $6.5 million per year.[83] The cost of his signing was spread evenly among the then 14 MLS teams rather than picked up just by LA Galaxy because the goal was to boost the standing in America of professional soccer as a whole, against the country’s indigenous sports.[84]

The high-profile acquisition paid immediate financial dividends for Galaxy long before Beckham joined the team. On the strength of the signing and the media frenzy it created, the club was able to pull off a new 5-year shirt sponsorship deal with Herbalife nutrition company worth US$20 million. The gate revenue peaked as well with 11,000 new season tickets holders and sold-out luxury suites (each one of the 42 inside the team’s home ground, the Home Depot Center).[85] Even the LA Galaxy owners Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG) saw an immediate spike in business. Involved on many business fronts worldwide, AEG was already leveraging its Beckham association in places such as China, where the company had been working aggressively in Shanghai and Beijing for years to receive clearance to build arenas and stadiums. The company’s CEO Tim Leiweke put it as follows: “Suddenly, we’re known as the company that owns the team that David Beckham is going to play for, so our world changed”.[86]

In the months following the announcement, the additional terms of Beckham’s contract became public knowledge. One unique contract provision was giving him the option of buying an MLS expansion franchise at a fixed price whenever he stopped playing in the league – an allowance that the league’s owners had never given to a player before. Another provision was the opt-out clause after the 2009 season, meaning that should he decide so, Beckham was free to leave the club after completing year three of his 5-year contract.[85]

In April 2007, he and wife Victoria bought an $18.2 million home on San Ysidro Drive in Beverly Hills.[87]

Beckham’s contract with LA Galaxy took effect on 11 July, and on 13 July, the famous Englishman was officially unveiled as a Galaxy player at the Home Depot Center to much fanfare and world media interest in front of more than 5,000 gathered fans and some 700 accredited media members.[88] Beckham chose to wear number 23. It was announced that Galaxy jersey sales had already reached a record figure of over 250,000 prior to this formal introduction.[89]

In parallel, Beckham’s handlers at 19 Entertainment succeeded in putting together an unprecedented US media rollout designed to expand his carefully crafted personal brand in America. He made the cover of Sports Illustrated, a few weeks earlier Adidas launched the extensive 13-part ad campaign “Fútbol meets Football” starring Beckham and NFL running back Reggie Bush, and W magazine published a racy photo spread featuring David and wife Victoria. Meanwhile, ESPN sports network was running “Hello, Goodbye” promotional campaign and it also agreed to air David Beckham: New Beginnings documentary produced by 19 Entertainment before the friendly match versus Chelsea, which was expected to be Beckham’s American debut. In addition to popularising soccer, Beckham’s arrival was used as platform for entertainment industry endeavours. Since both Beckham’s and his wife’s often overlapping careers were handled by 19 Entertainment that’s owned by Simon Fuller, who in turn has a business relationship with the Creative Artists Agency (CAA), one of Hollywood’s most powerful talent agencies, it was important also for CAA that the Beckhams made as big a splash as possible upon their arrival in the United States. On 16 July, CAA had hosted a welcoming bash for David at its new eight-storey, $400 million headquarters in Century City with CAA employees reportedly instructed beforehand to line the staircase and clap for Beckham upon his arrival.[90] That night Victoria’s reality show prime-time special Victoria Beckham: Coming to America aired on NBC, drawing terrible reviews in the American press and poor US viewership ratings.[91]

David Beckham became the Los Angeles Galaxy captain immediately upon joining the team

On Saturday afternoon, 21 July, despite still nursing the injured left ankle that he picked up a month earlier during the final match of La Liga’s season, Beckham made his Galaxy debut, coming on for Alan Gordon in the 78th minute of a 0–1 friendly loss to Chelsea as part of the World Series of Soccer.[92] With a capacity crowd, along with a long Hollywood celebrity list featuring Tom Cruise, Katie Holmes, Eva Longoria, Mary-Kate Olsen, governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, Jennifer Love-Hewitt, Alicia Silverstone and Drew Carey among others, present at the Home Depot Center, the match was broadcast live on ESPN’s main network. However, the proceedings on the field of play completely took a back seat to the Beckham spectacle, and despite the presence of worldwide football stars Andriy Shevchenko, Didier Drogba, Michael Ballack, Frank Lampard, and John Terry, the US television cameras were firmly focused on Beckham who spent most of the match on the bench. The match’s added time featured a scare for already injured Beckham when he got tackled by Steve Sidwell whose cleats struck Beckham’s right foot, sending him airborne before he crumpled hard to the ground. Though the existing injury was not aggravated too much, Beckham’s recovery process was set back by about a week. ESPN’s presentation of Beckham’s debut earned a 1.0 TV rating, meaning it was seen in an average of 947,000 television homes in the US – a disappointing figure given the national media buzz and two weeks of constant promotion by ESPN. For comparison ESPN2‘s weekly MLS broadcasts on Thursdays drew a consistent 0.2 rating on virtually no promotion while Freddy Adu‘s MLS debut televised on ABC back in 2004 earned a 1.3 rating.[87] As far as sporting events that were televised that weekend in the United States, Beckham’s much publicised debut drew less TV viewers than British Open golf tournament, a regular-season national baseball game, and even the Indy Racing League‘s Honda 200 motor race.[87]

The day after the made-for-TV debut was reserved for the welcoming party for the Beckhams at LA’s Museum of Contemporary Art, formally billed as being hosted by Tom Cruise, Katie Holmes, Will Smith, and Jada Pinkett Smith though in actuality a CAA-organized event. Attended by many Hollywood A-listers, the lavish bash was big news in the US celebrity tabloid media, including daily entertainment TV magazines such as Entertainment Tonight and Access Hollywood.[93]

Back on the soccer front, Beckham missed the next four Galaxy matches – three in the North American SuperLiga and an MLS game away at Toronto FC though he still made the trip with his teammates, sitting on the bench in street clothes. It was in Toronto on 5 August that the team got its first taste of what life would be like on the road with Beckham on the roster. Due to security concerns, it was the first time the team flew on a charter for a road match, rather than flying commercial (MLS normally forbids charter flights for away matches, claiming they provide competitive advantage, but in this case they made an exception due to the frenzy created around Beckham and resulting security issues). Also, instead of the usual MLS-mandated modest hotels, LA Galaxy stayed at the five-star Le Méridien King Edward in downtown Toronto (an expense paid for by the local Toronto promoter), while the glitz and glamour continued with the velvet rope, red carpet party at the Ultra Supper Club with Beckham as the centerpiece guest.[94]

Two weeks after his 12-minute appearance vs. Chelsea, still not fully healed Beckham finally made his league debut as a substitute on 9 August away versus DC United in front of the sellout crowd of 46,686 (nearly three times the average DC United home crowd) at the RFK Stadium, coming on for Quavas Kirk in the 71st minute.[95] Coming into the nationally televised match on ESPN, played under a heavy downpour with his team down a man and down a goal, even if only 70% fit, Beckham left a mark during the remaining twenty plus minutes. He hit a long free kick that Carlos Pavón failed to finish on for the equalizier, and then in the final minutes Beckham served a weighted through ball into Donovan’s path that United’s keeper Troy Perkins managed to break up in the last moment – the Galaxy lost 1–0. The next match on the road trip was at New England Revolution and Beckham decided to sit it out, fearing further aggrivating his ankle on the Gillette Stadium‘s artificial surface.

Beckham returned to the pitch the following week, again facing DC United, in the SuperLiga semi-final on 15 August. During this game he had many firsts with the Galaxy; his first start, first yellow card and first game as team captain.[96] He also scored his first goal for the team, from a free kick, and also made his first assist, for Landon Donovan in the second half. These goals gave the team a 2–0 victory, and a place in the North American SuperLiga final versus Pachuca on 29 August.

During the SuperLiga final against Pachuca, Beckham injured his right knee, with an MRI scan revealing that he had sprained his medial collateral ligament and would be out for six weeks. He returned to play in the final home match of the season. The Galaxy were eliminated from playoff contention on 21 October, in the final MLS match of the season, a 1–0 loss to the Chicago Fire. Beckham played as a substitute in the match, bringing his season totals to eight matches played (5 league); one goal scored (0 league); and three assists (2 league).

Beckham trained with Arsenal from 4 January 2008 for three weeks, until he returned to the Galaxy for pre-season training.[97] Beckham scored his first league goal with the Galaxy on 3 April against the San Jose Earthquakes in the 9th minute.[98] On 24 May 2008, the Galaxy defeated the Kansas City Wizards 3–1, giving the Galaxy their first winning record in two years and moving the club into first place in the Western Conference. In the match, Beckham scored an empty-net goal from 70 yards out. The goal marked the second time in Beckham’s career that he had scored from his own half, the other being a 1996 goal from the half-way line against Wimbledon at Selhurst Park.[99] Overall, however, the Galaxy had a disappointing year, failing to qualify for the end-of-season play-offs.

Loan to Milan

Beckham playing for Milan

In 2008, Beckham’s success in the England national team under Fabio Capello led to speculation that he might return to Europe in order to retain match fitness for the World Cup qualifying matches in 2009. On 30 October 2008, Milan announced that Beckham was to join them on loan from 7 January 2009.[100] Despite this and other speculation, Beckham made it clear that the move in no way signalled his intent to leave MLS and announced his intent to return to the Galaxy in time for the start of the 2009 season in March.[101] Many at Milan both within and outside of the club expressed serious reservations about the transfer, with it considered by some players no more than a marketing move.[102] At Milan, he chose the number 32 shirt previously worn by Christian Vieri, as both the number 7 and 23 shirts were already used by Alexandre Pato and club captain Massimo Ambrosini, respectively. After his physical, Beckham was reportedly told by a club doctor that he believed he can continue playing football for another five years, when he will be 38.[103]

Beckham made his Serie A debut for Milan against Roma on 11 January 2009 and played 89 minutes of the 2–2 draw.[104] He scored his first goal in Serie A for Milan in a 4–1 victory over Bologna on 25 January, his third appearance for the club.[105] Though Beckham was expected to return to L.A. in March, after impressing at the Italian club, scoring two goals in his first four matches and assisting on several more, rumours began to swirl that Beckham would stay in Milan, with the Italian club reportedly offering to pay a multi-million dollar fee for the English legend. The rumours were confirmed on 4 February, when Beckham stated that he was seeking a permanent transfer to Milan, in a bid to sustain his England career through the 2010 World Cup. However, Milan failed to match Galaxy’s valuation of Beckham, in the US$10–15 million range.[106]

Still, negotiations continued during a month of speculation.[107] On 2 March, the Los Angeles Times reported that Beckham’s loan had been extended through mid-July.[108] This was later confirmed by Beckham, revealing what was described as a unique “timeshare” deal, in which Beckham would play with L.A. from mid-July till the end of the 2009 MLS season.[109]

Return to Galaxy

After his return from Milan, many LA fans showed dislike and anger towards him as he missed the first half of the season and several held up signs saying “Go home fraud”, and “Part time player”.[110] However, the Galaxy had a much more successful season than in previous years, rising from third to first in the Western Conference during Beckham’s time with them. He remained a key part of the squad which saw Galaxy win the 2009 Western Conference final after a 2–0 overtime victory over the Houston Dynamo.[111] In the final on 22 November 2009, the Galaxy lost to Real Salt Lake by 5–4 in a penalty shoot-out after a 1–1 draw. Beckham also scored in the shootout.[112]

Second loan spell at Milan

In November 2009, after the end of 2009 MLS season, it was confirmed that Beckham would return to Milan for a second loan period beginning in January 2010.[113] On 6 January 2010, Beckham made a winning return in a Milan shirt, playing 75 minutes of a 5–2 victory over Genoa.[114] On 16 February 2010, Beckham played against Manchester United for the first time since he left the club in 2003. He played 76 minutes of the match at the San Siro – which ended 3–2 to Manchester United – before being substituted for Clarence Seedorf.[115]

Beckham returned to Old Trafford for the second leg of the tie on 10 March 2010; he did not start the match, but was brought on for Ignazio Abate in the 64th minute to a positive reception from the Manchester United fans. The score was 3–0 for United at that point and the tie was all but decided. The match was the first time Beckham had played against Manchester United at Old Trafford and saw him create several scoring opportunities via crosses and corner kicks, but Manchester United dominated Milan and beat them 4–0, winning the tie 7–2.[116] Following the final whistle, he aroused a bit of controversy by draping the green-and-gold scarf around his neck that was given to him by the Manchester United supporters protesting against club owner Malcolm Glazer. As the fan protests against Glazer by the people gathered around Manchester United Supporters’ Trust gained steam in 2010, the green-and-gold scarf had come to be seen as an anti-Glazer symbol, and by extension many saw Beckham’s decision to publicly put it on as gesture of support. However, when asked about it later Beckham responded that protests are not his business.[117]

In Milan’s next game, against ChievoVerona, Beckham suffered a torn left Achilles tendon,[118] causing him to miss the World Cup as well as the MLS season due to the injury, which took him out of action for the next five months. Doctor Sakari Orava performed surgery on Beckham’s tendon in Turku, Finland, on 15 March 2010.[119] After the operation, Orava affirmed that “it went quite fine. The prognosis is he needs a rehabilitation for the next few months, and the plaster cast is the next six to eight weeks. I would say that [it will be] maybe four months before he’s running, but six months before he’s jumping and kicking.”[120]

Second return to Galaxy

On 11 September 2010, after recovering from his Achilles tendon injury, Beckham returned to the game as a substitute in the 70th minute in the Galaxy’s 3–1 win over Columbus Crew.[121] On 4 October, Beckham scored a trademark free kick in a 2–1 win over Chivas to mark his first goal in 2010.[122] On 24 October, Beckham scored his second goal of the season in the Galaxy’s 2–1 win over Dallas which secured them their second successive Western Conference title and first MLS Supporters’ Shield since 2002.[123]

During January and February 2011, ahead of the 2011 MLS season, Beckham trained with Tottenham Hotspur. Rumours in the media claimed that the club were in talks with the Galaxy to sign the player on loan, but, according to Spurs manager Harry Redknapp, the move was blocked by Galaxy, who wanted a full final season from their number 23.[124] As a result, he ended up only training with the club as he had done with Arsenal three years earlier. With Beckham playing middle field, the Los Angeles Galaxy won the 2011 MLS cup.

MLS Cup Champion

On 15 May, Beckham scored his first goal of the season for the Galaxy from a 30-yard free kick, in a 4–1 victory over Sporting Kansas City.[125] On 9 July, Beckham scored directly from a corner in a 2–1 win over Chicago Fire, repeating a feat he also achieved while playing for Preston North End.[126]

After having his best season with the Galaxy to date and finishing second in the league in assists, Beckham finished his fifth MLS season on a high. On 20 November 2011, he joined an elite group of players to have won three league titles in three different countries, when Los Angeles won their third MLS Cup against Houston Dynamo, winning 1-0 on a goal by captain Landon Donovan, with assists from Beckham and fellow designated player, Robbie Keane.[127][128] If it was Beckham’s final match for the Galaxy, it will be the third time he has won a league championship in his final match for a club, repeating the feat he accomplished with Manchester United in 2003 and Real Madrid in 2007.[127]

Following the 2011 season, in which the Galaxy won their second consecutive Supporters’ Shield, having the second most points in MLS history, Beckham’s five year contract with the Galaxy will expire. Despite being 36, he stated that he intended to play on. He has been heavily linked with French giants, Paris Saint-Germain, but has insisted that he will make the best decision for his family. An extension with the Galaxy is an option, as he has repeatedly stated that his family loves living in Los Angeles. However, after winning MLS Cup, a noticeably emotional Beckham led many to believe that his departure from LA may be imminent. [129]

International career

Beckham as England captain

Beckham made his first appearance for the England national football team on 1 September 1996, in a World Cup qualifying match against Moldova.[130]

Beckham had played in all of England’s qualifying matches for the 1998 World Cup and was part of the England squad at the World Cup finals in France,[131] but the team’s manager Glenn Hoddle publicly accused him of not concentrating on the tournament,[132] and he did not start in either of England’s first two matches. He was picked for their third match against Colombia and scored from a long-range free kick in a 2–0 victory, which was his first goal for England.

In the second round (last 16) of that competition, he received a red card in England’s match against Argentina.[133] Beckham, after having been fouled by Diego Simeone, kicked Simeone whilst lying on the floor, striking him on the calf muscle. Simeone later admitted to trying to get Beckham sent off by over-reacting to the kick and then, along with other members of his team, urging the referee to send Beckham off.[134] The match finished in a draw and England were eliminated in a penalty shootout. Many supporters and journalists blamed him for England’s elimination and he became the target of criticism and abuse, including the hanging of an effigy outside a London pub, and the Daily Mirror printing a dartboard with a picture of him centred on the bullseye. Beckham also received death threats after the World Cup.[135]

The abuse that Beckham was receiving from English supporters peaked during England’s 3–2 defeat by Portugal in Euro 2000, a match where Beckham set up two goals, when a group of England supporters taunted him throughout the match.[136] Beckham responded by raising his middle finger and, while the gesture attracted some criticism, many of the newspapers that had previously encouraged his vilification asked their readers to stop abusing him.[137]

On 15 November 2000, following Kevin Keegan‘s resignation as England manager in October, Beckham was promoted to team captain by the caretaker manager Peter Taylor, and then kept the role under new manager Sven-Göran Eriksson. He helped England to qualify for the 2002 World Cup Finals, with their performances including an impressive 5–1 victory over Germany in Munich. The final step in Beckham’s conversion from villain to hero happened in England’s 2–2 draw against Greece on 6 October 2001. England needed to win or draw the match in order to qualify outright for the World Cup, but were losing 2–1 with little time remaining. When Teddy Sheringham was fouled eight yards (7 metres) outside the Greek penalty area, England were awarded a free-kick and Beckham ensured England’s qualification with a curling strike of the kind that had become his trademark. Shortly afterwards, he was voted the BBC Sports Personality of the Year for 2001. He once again finished runner-up, to Luís Figo of Portugal, for the FIFA World Player of the Year award.

Beckham was partially fit by the time of the 2002 World Cup and played in the first match against Sweden. Beckham scored the winning goal of the match against Argentina with a penalty, causing Argentina to fail to qualify for the knockout stage. England were knocked out of the tournament in the quarter-finals by eventual winners Brazil. The following month, at the opening ceremony of the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester, Beckham escorted Kirsty Howard as she presented the Jubilee Baton to the Queen.

Beckham played in all of England’s matches at Euro 2004, but the tournament was a disappointment for him. He had a penalty saved in England’s 2–1 defeat to France and missed another in a penalty shootout in the quarter-final match against Portugal. England lost the shootout thus going out of the competition.

Beckham became a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in January 2005 and was involved in promoting London’s successful bid for the 2012 Olympic Games.[138] In October 2005, Beckham’s sending off against Austria made him the first ever England captain to be sent off and the first player to be sent off twice while playing for England. He captained England for the 50th time in a friendly international against Argentina the following month.

In England’s opening game at the 2006 World Cup, against Paraguay on 10 June 2006, Beckham’s free kick led to an own-goal by Carlos Gamarra as England won 1–0. In England’s next match, played against Trinidad and Tobago on 15 June 2006, Beckham’s cross in the 83rd minute led to a Peter Crouch goal, which put England into the lead 1–0. Beckham gave another assist to Steven Gerrard. In the end they won 2–0. He was named Man of the Match by tournament sponsor Budweiser for this game.

During England’s second round match against Ecuador, Beckham scored from a free kick in the 59th minute, becoming the first ever English player to score in three separate World Cups,[139] and giving England a 1–0 victory and a place in the quarter-finals. He was sick before the game and vomited several times as a result of dehydration and illness after he scored the winning goal.

In the quarter-final against Portugal, Beckham was substituted following an injury shortly after half time and the England team went on to lose the match on penalties (3–1), the score having been 0–0 after extra time. After his substitution, Beckham was visibly shaken and emotional for not being able to play, being in tears at one point.

A day after England were knocked out of the World Cup, an emotional Beckham made a statement in a news conference saying that he had stepped down as England captain,[140] saying, “It has been an honour and privilege to captain my country but, having been captain for 58 of my 95[141] games, I feel the time is right to pass on the armband as we enter a new era under Steve McClaren.” (Beckham had actually won 94 caps up to that point.) He was succeeded by Chelsea captain John Terry.[142]

Having stepped down as captain after the World Cup, Beckham was dropped completely from the England national team selected by new coach Steve McClaren on 11 August 2006. McClaren claimed that he was “looking to go in a different direction” with the team, and that Beckham “wasn’t included within that.” McClaren said Beckham could be recalled in future. Shaun Wright-Phillips, Kieran Richardson, and the World Cup alternative to Beckham, Aaron Lennon, were all included, although McClaren eventually opted to employ Steven Gerrard in that role.

Beckham takes the free kick against Brazil from which John Terry scored

On 26 May 2007, McClaren announced that Beckham would be recalled to the England squad for the first time since stepping down as their captain. Beckham started against Brazil in England’s first match at the new Wembley Stadium and put in a positive performance. In the second half, he set up England’s goal converted by captain John Terry. It looked as though England would claim victory over Brazil, but newcomer Diego equalised in the dying seconds. In England’s next match, a Euro 2008 qualifier against Estonia, Beckham sent two trademark assists for Michael Owen and Peter Crouch, helping England to prevail 3–0.

Beckham had assisted in three of England’s four total goals in those two games,[143] and he stated his desire to continue to play for England after his move to Major League Soccer.

On 22 August 2007, Beckham played in a friendly for England against Germany, becoming the first ever to play for England while with a non-European club team.[144] On 21 November 2007, Beckham earned his 99th cap against Croatia, setting up a goal for Peter Crouch to tie the game at 2–2. Following the 2–3 loss, England failed to qualify for the Euro 2008 Finals. Despite this, Beckham said that he has no plans to retire from international football and wanted to continue playing for the national team.[145] After being passed over by new England coach and Beckham’s former manager at Real Madrid, Fabio Capello, for a friendly against Switzerland which would have given him his hundredth cap; Beckham admitted that he was not in shape at the time, as he had not played a competitive match in three months.[146]

On 20 March 2008, Beckham was recalled to the England squad by Capello for the friendly against France in Paris on 26 March. Beckham became only the fifth Englishman to win 100 caps. Capello had hinted on 25 March 2008 that Beckham had a long term future in his side ahead of crucial qualifiers for the 2010 World Cup.[147] On 11 May 2008, Capello included an in-form Beckham in his 31 man England squad to face the United States at Wembley Stadium on 28 May before the away fixture with Trinidad and Tobago on 1 June. Beckham was honoured before the match by receiving an honorary gold cap representing his 100th cap from Bobby Charlton, and was given a standing ovation from the crowd. He played well and assisted John Terry on the match-winning goal. When substituted at half-time for David Bentley, the pro-Beckham crowd booed the decision.[148] In a surprise move, Capello handed Beckham the captaincy for England’s friendly against Trinidad and Tobago on 1 June 2008. The match was the first time since the 2006 World Cup that Beckham had skippered England and marked a dramatic turnaround for Beckham. In two years, he had gone from being dropped completely from the England squad to being reinstated (though temporarily) as England captain.[149]

During the 2010 World Cup Qualifier against Belarus in which England won 3–1 in Minsk, Beckham came off the bench in the 87th minute to earn his 107th cap making him England’s 3rd highest capped player in history, over-taking Bobby Charlton in the process. On 11 February 2009, Beckham drew level with Bobby Moore‘s record of 108 caps for an English outfield player, coming on as a substitute for Stewart Downing in a friendly match against Spain.[150] On 28 March 2009, Beckham surpassed Moore to hold the record outright when he came on as a substitute in a friendly against Slovakia, providing the assist for a goal from Wayne Rooney in the process.[151]

In all, Beckham had made 16 appearances out of a possible 20 for England under Capello until his ruptured Achilles tendon of March 2010 ruled him out of selection for the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa.[14] His last game for England before injury had been on 14 October 2009 as a substitute in England’s last World Cup qualifying game, which ended England 3 – 0 Belarus.[14] While unable to play, Beckham still went to the tournament as part of the England back-room staff, acting as a mediator between management and the players.[152]

After a poor performance from England at the World Cup Capello remained as manager, but was under pressure to revamp the England squad for the imminent UEFA Euro 2012 qualification campaign. He unveiled a new team at the next England match, a home friendly game against Hungary on 11 August 2010, with Beckham still unavailable for selection but aiming for a return to playing in the MLS by the following month.[14] In the post-match interview, Capello said of the prospect of the now 35-year-old Beckham playing any future competitive matches for England, that “I need to change it. David is a fantastic player but I think we need new players for the future”, referring to the new players that play in Beckham’s right midfield position, including Theo Walcott and Adam Johnson, adding “This is the future of the team under Fabio Capello or another manager”.[14] He said that Beckham may be selected for one last friendly game, stating, “If he is fit, I hope we will play one more game here at Wembley so the fans can say goodbye”. In response to the comments, Beckham’s agent released a statement reiterating Beckham’s position that he had no desire to retire from international football, and would always be make himself available for selection for England if fit and if needed.[14]

International goals

As of 28 October 2009

# Date Venue Opponent Score Result Competition Reports
1. 26 June 1998 Stade Félix Bollaert, Lens  Colombia 2–0 2–0 1998 FIFA World Cup [153]
2. 24 March 2001 Anfield, Liverpool  Finland 2–1 2–1 2002 FIFA World Cup Qual. [154]
3. 25 May 2001 Pride Park, Derby  Mexico 3–0 4–0 Friendly match [155]
4. 6 June 2001 Olympic Stadium, Athens  Greece 2–0 2–0 2002 FIFA World Cup Qual. [156]
5. 6 October 2001 Old Trafford, Manchester  Greece 2–2 2–2 2002 FIFA World Cup Qual. [157]
6. 10 November 2001 Old Trafford, Manchester  Sweden 1–0 1–1 Friendly match [158]
7. 7 June 2002 Sapporo Dome, Sapporo  Argentina 1–0 1–0 2002 FIFA World Cup [159]
8. 12 October 2002 Tehelné pole, Bratislava  Slovakia 1–1 2–1 UEFA Euro 2004 Qual. [160]
9. 16 October 2002 St Mary’s Stadium, Southampton  Macedonia 1–1 2–2 UEFA Euro 2004 Qual. [161]
10. 29 March 2003 Rheinpark Stadion, Vaduz  Liechtenstein 2–0 2–0 UEFA Euro 2004 Qual. [162]
11. 2 April 2003 Stadium of Light, Sunderland  Turkey 2–0 2–0 UEFA Euro 2004 Qual. [163]
12. 20 August 2003 Portman Road, Ipswich  Croatia 1–0 3–1 Friendly match [164]
13. 6 September 2003 Gradski, Skopje  Macedonia 2–1 2–1 UEFA Euro 2004 Qual. [165]
14. 18 August 2004 St James’ Park, Newcastle  Ukraine 1–0 3–0 Friendly match [166]
15. 9 October 2004 Old Trafford, Manchester  Wales 2–0 2–0 2006 FIFA World Cup Qual. [167]
16. 30 March 2005 St James’ Park, Newcastle  Azerbaijan 2–0 2–0 2006 FIFA World Cup Qual. [168]
17. 25 June 2006 Gottlieb-Daimler-Stadion, Stuttgart  Ecuador 1–0 1–0 2006 FIFA World Cup [169]

Coaching career

Due to an injury suffered to his torn left Achilles tendon, Beckham was forced to miss the 2010 FIFA World Cup as a player. On 14 May 2010 it was announced that Beckham would work as a mediator between management and the players, and as an English member of the coaching staff for the England national football team at the tournament.[152] As an agreement between Beckham, his representatives, his club, Los Angeles Galaxy and Fabio Capello, the former England captain was on the plane to South Africa on 2 June.

Discipline

Former manager Alex Ferguson said that he “practised with a discipline to achieve an accuracy that other players wouldn’t care about.”[170] He maintained his training routine at Real Madrid and even when his relationship with management was strained in early 2007, Real Madrid president Ramón Calderón and manager Fabio Capello praised Beckham for maintaining his professionalism and commitment to the club.[171][172]

Beckham was the first England player ever to collect two red cards and the first England captain to be sent off.[173] Beckham’s most notorious red card was during the 1998 FIFA World Cup after Argentina’s Diego Simeone had fouled him, Beckham lashed out with his leg and the Argentine fell.

He amassed 41 yellow cards and four red cards for Real Madrid.[174]

Honours

Club

Manchester United
Real Madrid
Los Angeles Galaxy

International

England

Individual

Orders and special awards

Statistics

Club Season League Cup League Cup Continental Other1 Total
Apps Goals Assists Apps Goals Assists Apps Goals Assists Apps Goals Assists Apps Goals Assists Apps Goals Assists
Manchester United 1992–93 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1993–94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Preston North End (loan) 1994–95 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 2 0
Manchester United 1994–95 4 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 10 1 0
1995–96 33 7 3 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 40 8
1996–97 36 8 2 1 0 0 0 10 2 1 1 49 12
1997–98 37 9 1 4 2 0 0 0 8 0 1 0 50 11 1
1998–99 34 6 7 1 1 0 12 2 2 1 0 55 9 2
1999–00 31 6 2 0 0 0 12 2 0 5 0 0 48 8 2
2000–01 31 9 1 2 0 0 0 0 12 0 1 0 46 9 1
2001–02 28 11 0 1 0 0 0 0 13 5 3 1 0 43 16 3
2002–03 31 6 9 3 1 0 5 1 0 13 3 2 0 0 0 52 11 11
Total 265 62 13 24 6 12 1 83 15 7 10 1 399 87 20
Real Madrid 2003–04 32 3 0 4 2 0 7 1 1 2 1 1 45 7 2
2004–05 30 4 2 0 0 0 8 0 3 0 0 0 38 4 5
2005–06 31 3 10 3 1 0 7 1 2 0 0 0 41 5 12
2006–07 23 3 6 2 1 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 31 4 6
Total 116 13 18 9 4 0 28 2 6 2 1 1 155 20 25
Los Angeles Galaxy 2007 5 0 2 0 0 0 2 1 1 7 1 3
2008 25 5 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 5 6
Milan (loan) 2008–09 18 2 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 20 2 5
Los Angeles Galaxy 2009 11 2 3 0 0 0 4 0 0 15 2 3
Milan (loan) 2009–10 11 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 1
Total 29 2 6 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 33 2 6
Los Angeles Galaxy 2010 7 2 3 0 0 0 3 0 0 10 2 3
2011 24 2 11 0 0 0 3 0 2 27 2 13
Total 72 11 25 0 0 0 12 1 3 81 12 28
Career total 479 90 62 33 10 0 12 1 0 113 17 13 23 3 3 669 121 78

[183] [184] [185]

1Includes other competitive competitions, including the FA Community Shield, UEFA Super Cup, Intercontinental Cup, FIFA Club World Cup, Supercopa de España and the SuperLiga
England national team
Year Apps Goals
1996 3 0
1997 9 0
1998 8 1
1999 7 0
2000 10 0
2001 10 5
2002 9 3
2003 9 4
2004 12 2
2005 9 1
2006 8 1
2007 5 0
2008 8 0
2009 8 0
Total 115 17

David Beckham Academy

In 2005, Beckham founded the David Beckham Academy football school, operating from two sites: in London and in Los Angeles, California. It was announced in late 2009 that both would close.[186] A mobile academy is being developed by Beckham, to travel around the UK and further afield.[187]

Personal life

David and Victoria Beckham at the 2007 British Grand Prix at Silverstone

In 1997, Beckham started dating Victoria Adams, after she attended a Manchester United match. She was famously known as “Posh Spice” of the pop music group Spice Girls, one of the world’s top pop groups at the time, and his team was also enjoying a great run of success. Therefore, their relationship instantly attracted a great deal of media attention. The couple were dubbed “Posh and Becks” by the media. He proposed to her on 24 January 1998 in a restaurant in Cheshunt, England.

On 4 July 1999, David and Victoria married at Luttrellstown Castle in Ireland. The wedding attracted tremendous media coverage. Beckham’s teammate Gary Neville was the best man, and the couple’s infant son, Brooklyn, was the ring bearer. The media were kept away from the ceremony, as the Beckhams had an exclusive deal with OK! Magazine, but newspapers were still able to obtain photographs showing them sitting on golden thrones.[188] 437 staff were employed for the wedding reception, which was estimated to have cost £500,000.[189]

In 1999, David and Victoria Beckham purchased their most famous home in Hertfordshire, unofficially dubbed Beckingham Palace, estimated to be worth £7.5 million. David and Victoria Beckham have four children: sons Brooklyn Joseph (born 1999 in London), Romeo James (born 2002 in London), and Cruz David (born 2005 in Madrid; the word “cruz” is Spanish for “cross”); and daughter Harper Seven (born 2011, in Los Angeles).[190][191] Elton John is godfather to Brooklyn and Romeo Beckham; their godmother is Elizabeth Hurley.[192]

In April 2007, the family purchased their current main residence, an Italian villa in Beverly Hills, to coincide with Beckham’s transfer to the Galaxy that July. The mansion, priced at $22 million, is near the homes of Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes, and talk-show host Jay Leno, in an exclusive gated community in the hills overlooking the city.

In September 2011, Beckham was rumored in Tweeter tweets to have died in a car crash. It was said that the 36-year-old lost control while driving a friend’s vehicle on Interstate 80 and rolled the vehicle several times killing him instantly. Since, in November, he assisted in the winning Los Angeles Galaxy drive to capture the 2011 Major League Soccer Cup, reports of demise are premature.

Affair claims

In April 2004, the British tabloid News of the World carried claims by Beckham’s former personal assistant Rebecca Loos that he and Loos had an extramarital affair.[193][194] A week later, the Malaysian-born Australian model Sarah Marbeck claimed that she had slept with Beckham on two occasions. Beckham dismissed both accusations as “ludicrous”.[195] There has never been any proof of any of the allegations of Beckham’s claimed infidelity.[196] In an interview with W Magazine, Victoria Beckham told a reporter, “I’m not going to lie: it was a really tough time. It was hard for our entire families. But I realised a lot of people have a price.”[197]

Legal issues

In December 2008, Beckham and his bodyguard were sued by paparazzi photographer Emicles da Mata, who claimed that he was assaulted by them when attempting to take a picture of Beckham in Beverly Hills. Da Mata is seeking unspecified damages for assault, battery, and intentional infliction of emotional distress.[198]

In September 2010 Beckham announced that he is pressing charges against prostitute Irma Nici and several others over claims in the magazine In Touch that he had had sex with her.[199]

Fame beyond football

Beckham’s fame extends beyond the pitch; in much of the world his name is “as instantly recognisable as that of multinational companies like Coca-Cola and IBM.”[200] Beckham’s relationship and marriage to Victoria, who has been famous in her own right as part of the musical group Spice Girls, contributed to David’s celebrity beyond football. So gilded has been the career of Beckham that Victoria revealed her nickname for her husband to be “Golden Balls”,[201] which epithet he shares with an obscure mediaeval Anglo-Norman knight whose French name was Latinised to de Aureis Testiculis.

Beckham became known as a fashion plate, and together with Victoria, the couple became lucrative spokespeople sought after by clothing designers, health and fitness specialists, fashion magazines, perfume and cosmetics manufacturers, hair stylists, exercise promoters, and spa and recreation companies. One recent example is a new line of aftershave and fragrances called David Beckham Instinct.[202] In 2002 Beckham was hailed as the ultimate “metrosexual” by the man who invented the term[203][204] and has been described as such by numerous other articles since. The Beckhams were reportedly paid $13.7 million in 2007 to launch his fragrance line in the US. In the world of fashion, David has already appeared on the covers of many magazines. U.S. covers have included the men’s magazine Details, and with his wife for the August 2007 issue of W.[205] According to Google, “David Beckham” was searched for more than any other sports topic on their site in 2003 and 2004.[206] The search engine Ask Jeeves named Beckham in December 2009 as the third most online searched person in the last decade. The findings are based on online activity by British users of the search engine.[207]

Upon their arrival in Los Angeles on 12 July 2007, the night before Beckham’s formal introduction, Los Angeles International Airport was filled with paparazzi and news reporters.[208] On the next night, Victoria appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno to talk about the their move to LA, and presented Leno with a number 23 Galaxy jersey with his own name on the back. Victoria also talked about her NBC TV show Victoria Beckham: Coming to America[209] On 22 July, a private welcoming party was held for the couple at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles. A-list celebrities attending included Steven Spielberg, Jim Carrey, George Clooney, Tom Cruise, Katie Holmes, Will Smith, Jada Pinkett Smith, and Oprah Winfrey.[210]

Beckham’s many endorsement deals make him one of the most recognisable athletes throughout the world. On 31 December 2008, it was announced that Pepsi Co. was ending its endorsement deal with the player after a 10-year collaboration.[211] Beckham has several eponymous video games, including Go! Go! Beckham! Adventure on Soccer Island, a platform game for the Game Boy Advance, and David Beckham Soccer, a football game for the Xbox.[212][213] In August 2010, Beckham signed an endorsement deal with EA SPORTS to become brand ambassador for EA SPORTS Active 2.[214]

Beckham visited Afghanistan in May 2010 for a morale-boosting visit to British troops fighting the Taliban insurgency.[215][216][217] The appearance of Beckham as well as British Foreign Secretary William Hague and Defence Secretary Liam Fox was believed to have prompted a Taliban attack on Kandahar airfield. [218][219]

Charitable work

Beckham has supported UNICEF since his days at Manchester United and in January 2005, the English national team captain became a Goodwill Ambassador with a special focus on UNICEF’s Sports for Development program. More recently Beckham has pledged his support for the current Unite for Children, Unite against AIDS campaign.

On 17 January 2007, Rebecca Johnstone, a 19-year-old cancer patient from Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, received a surprise phone call from Beckham. After the conversation, he sent her a Real Madrid jersey with his signature on it. Rebecca died on 29 January 2007.[220]

Beckham is a spokesman for Malaria No More, a New York City-based non-profit launched in 2006. Malaria No More’s mission is to end deaths caused by malaria in Africa. Beckham appears in a 2007 public service announcement advertising the need for inexpensive bed nets. The TV spot currently airs in the U.S. on Fox Networks, including Fox Soccer Channel, and can also be seen on YouTube.[221]

Since joining Major League Soccer, Beckham has been a very public advocate in the U.S. for related charities such as “MLS W.O.R.K.S.” On 17 August 2007, he conducted a youth clinic in Harlem, along with other current and former MLS players. This was in advance of his first New York City area match the following day against the New York Red Bulls. That team’s Jozy Altidore and Juan Pablo Ángel were also with Beckham, teaching skills to disadvantaged youth to benefit FC Harlem Lions.[222]

Appearances in films

Bend It Like Beckham

Beckham never personally appeared in the 2002 film Bend It Like Beckham, except in archive footage. He and his wife wanted to make cameo appearances, but scheduling proved difficult, so the director used lookalikes instead.[223]

The Goal! Trilogy

Beckham makes a cameo appearance with Zinedine Zidane and Raúl, in the 2005 film Goal!: The Dream Begins. Lookalike Andy Harmer, who played him in Bend It Like Beckham, also appears here in one party scene as Beckham.[224] Beckham himself appears in the sequel Goal! 2: Living the Dream…[225] in a larger role, when the film’s lead character gets transferred to Real Madrid. This time the story centres around the Real Madrid team, and besides Beckham, other real life Real Madrid players also appear on and off the pitch, alongside the fictional characters. Beckham appeared in Goal! 3: Taking on the World, which was released straight to DVD on 15 June 2009.[226]

Despite moving to Los Angeles, California, Beckham has expressed no personal interest in pursuit of acting roles, saying he is too “stiff”.[227]

Records

Beckham has captained England 59 times,[228] the fourth highest after Bobby Moore (90), Billy Wright (90) and Bryan Robson (65).

With his free kick goal against Ecuador in the second round of the 2006 FIFA World Cup, Beckham gained membership into two of football’s exclusive clubs: he became the only English player – and the 21st player regardless of nationality – to score in three world cups; Real Madrid teammate Raúl also achieved this feat a few days earlier.[229] It also made him only the fifth player in World Cup history to score twice from a direct free kick; the other four were Pelé, Roberto Rivelino, Teófilo Cubillas, and Bernard Genghini (Beckham had previously scored this way against Colombia in the first round of the 1998 FIFA World Cup). All three goals were against South American teams (Colombia, Argentina, and Ecuador) and from set pieces (the two aforementioned free kicks and a penalty against Argentina).

Tattoos

Beckham has at least 20 tattoos adorning his body, including recent black-and-white image of Christ drawn on his right side, based on a painting called “The Man Of Sorrows” by Catholic artist Matthew R. Brooks done after the death of his grandfather in 2009.[230] There are also names of his sons Romeo, Cruz and Brooklyn, name of his wife Victoria, written in Hindi, because Beckham thought it would be “tacky” to have it in English. On his right shoulder, there’s an angel with the text ‘In the face of adversity’.[230] Another tattoo is a Bible verse written in Hebrew, reads אני לדודי ודודי לי הרעה בשושנים, translated into: “I am my beloved’s, and my beloved is mine, that shepherds among the lilies.” In 2004 Beckham added the four-by-six-inch “winged cross” neck tattoo prior to England’s three-nation tournament soccer match against Japan in the City of Manchester Stadium.[230][231] In his autobiography “David Beckham: My Side”, Becks reveals some of his thoughts on tattoos: “The idea came to me much later, a little while after Brooklyn was born. I was talking to Mel B and her then-husband, Jimmy Gulzar, and the subject of tattoos came up. I ended up going to this Dutch guy who’d done all of Jimmy’s. I’d finally realised what I wanted a tattoo to represent. Mine are all about the people in my life, my wife and sons, who I want with me always. When you see me, you see the tattoos. You see an expression of how I feel about Victoria and the boys. They’re part of me.”[231]

See also

Sumber dari : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Beckham



{December 4, 2011}  
Rain saat konser di JITEC, Mangga Dua Square, Jakarta, Kamis (3/11) malam. Foto: VIVAnews/Nurcholis Anhari Lubis
Jum’at, 4 Desember 2009 | 15:15 WIB
Rain Konser Di Jakarta

Konser Rain di Indonesia berjalan mulus. Penyanyi dan aktor asal Korea ini tampil dengan penuh semangat dan energi. Konser itu mampu membuat histeris para ABG. Konser yang digelar di JITEC, Mangga Dua Square ini dimulai sekitar pukul 20.25 WIB,  Kamis (3/11) malam. Para penonton yang sudah datang dari sore tak sabar menunggu penampilan Rain. Mereka tak henti-hentinya memanggil nama Rain.

Sumber dari : http://foto.vivanews.com/read/1408/27095-rain_konser_di_jakarta



{December 4, 2011}  
Westlife, Boysband Lawas Populer Guncang Senayan,Jakarta
Westlife, Boysband Lawas Populer Guncang Senayan

Westlife – bcmagazine.net

Oleh: Ferry Noviandi
Artis – Rabu, 5 Oktober 2011 | 18:00 WIB
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INILAH.COM, Jakarta – Indonesia yang tengah demam boysband bakal terpuaskan kehadiran boysband lawas populer, Westlife yang siap menguncang Stadion Tennis Indoor Senayan, Jakarta, Rabu (5/10) ini sekitar pukul 20.00 WIB.

Sebelumnya, boysband asal Irlandia yang beranggotakan Shane Filan, Kian Egan, Nicky Byrne dan Mark Faeehily telah tiga kali manggung di Jakarta, yakni pada 2000, 2001 dan 2006.

Kini, pencetak hits lagu Flying Without Wings akan kembali menggelar konser di Jakarta, berkaitan promo album terbaru 2010, Gravity.

Sejauh ini, besarnya antusias penggemar Westlife menjadi alasan tersendiri bagi Marygops, promotor konser Westlife untuk mendatangkan Westlife untuk keempatkalinya.

“Konser Westlife ini merupakan yang keempat kalinya. Seperti tahun-tahun sebelumnya di Indonesia, selalu dipenuhi penggemar. Tahun 2000, penonton mencapai 8.800, tahun 2001 penonton bertambah menjadi 15.000 dan hampir sama di 2006. Kami berharap penton Westlife akan berbondong-bondong di tahun ini,” terang Peter Harjani, Project& Creative Director Marygops Studios, saat mengelar konferensi pers di Jakarta, baru-baru ini.

Westlife sadar bahwa penggemarnya banyak di Indonesia. Boysband yang sudah mulai berkurang masa keemasannya ini pun lantas tak ingin melewatkan konser di Indonesia. Ketika mendapatkan tawaran dari Marygops untuk konser di Indonesia, Westlife tak berpikir lama untuk menyetujuinya.

“Sekitar Mei 2011 lalu mereka sudah memberikan tanggapan. Mereka sangat saya suka Indonesia. Di Facebook, bahkan ada satu post dalam bahasa Indonesia,” ujar Peter.

Suka tak suka, Westlife bisa menyandang predikat salah satu boysband paling populer dari yang pernah ada di dunia. Bahkan, ada yang menyebut, Westlife lebih populer dari pendahulunya, Boyzone.

Sebagaimana diketahui, Westlife terbentuk dari konsep tiga anak muda yakni Shane Filan, Kian Egan, dan Mark Faeehily yang ingin membentuk sebuah boysband ‘tidak sengaja’ sekitar 1996. Mereka lalu menambah personel yakni, Derek, Michael dan Graham dan diberi nama 6 as 1.

Mereka kemudian mulai manggung di acara-acara teater dengan membawakan lagu-lagu Boyzone dan TakeThat. Lantas mengganti nama 6 as 1 menjadi Lou dan merekam sebuah lagu berjudul To Get a Gilr Forever.

Melalui lagu ini, sebuah teve lokal menayangkan video mereka sehingga membuat seorang produser besar tertarik kepada mereka. Adalah Louis Walsh, manajer Boyzone yang tertarik dengan enam anak muda tersebut. Mereka lantas menjadi boysband pembuka Boyzone yang ditonton hampir 9.500 orang.

Tak puas dengan personel yang ada, Lou akhirnya dipecah dan tersisa, Shane, Kian dan Mark. Produser lantas membuat audisi dan akhirnya terpilih Nicky Byrne dan Bryan McFadden. Lantas mengganti nama menjadi Westside kemudian disepakati menjadi Westlife.

Pada 1999 debut perdana Westlife pun muncul dengan single Swear It Again. Kemudian rilis single keduaIf I let You Go menjadikan Westlife sebagai band pertama yang dua lagunya menduduki dua lagu di puncak teratas di tangga lagu Inggris.

Lantas pada 2000, Westlife kembali meluncurkan album kedual Coast to Coast dengan hits single Take A Look At Me Now (duet dengan Mariah Carey dan Phil Collins) dan lagu My Love.

Dari 11 album yang sudah dipersembahkan Westlife, hampir seluruhnya meraih kesuksesan. Buktinya, meski era Westlife boleh dibilang sedikit meredup, tiket penjualan konser untuk kali ini kembali ludes sejak seminggu sebelum konser.

“Pada akhirnya, pada kesempatan ini, secara khusus kami ingin mengucapkan terimakasih kepada pihak sponsor dan juga fans setia Westlife Indonesia yang sampai hari ini, penjualan tiket sudah ludes terjual,” ucap Neelam Vaswani selaku marketing director Marygops lewat rilis yang diterima INILAH.COM, Rabu (5/10).

Antusiasme penggemar Westlife yang kini tinggal empat orang setelah hengkangnya Bryan McFadden, pun dapat terlihat dari animo fans Westlife yang sudah mendatangi Stadion Tennis Indoor Senayan sejak pagi. Bahkan, fans setia Westlife ikut menunggu pujaannya itu saat Westlife tiba di Jakarta pada Selasa (4/10) malam lalu.

“Kami sengaja datang dari pukul 09.00, mau lihat Westlife latihan,” ujar Priscillia bersama puluhan rekannya di Tennis Indoor, Senayan, Jakarta, Rabu (5/10).

“Semalam kami juga banyak yang nunggu di bandara dari pukul 11 sampai pukul 22.00. Tidak dari Jakarta saja, bahkan ada yang dari Malaysia bergabung bersama kami,” ujar Priscillia.

Bagi Anda penggemar boysband dan yang ingin bernostaligia dengan lagu-lagu manis Westlfe, bersiaplah nanti malam akan diguncang cowok-cowok ganteng bersuara emas itu.

Sumber dari : http://artis.inilah.com/read/detail/1781961/westlife-boysband-lawas-populer-guncang-senayan



{December 4, 2011}  

Westlife

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Westlife

Westlife (from left-to-right: Feehily, Egan, Byrne, Filan) performing in 2009
Background information
Origin Sligo and Dublin, Ireland
Genres Pop
Years active 1998–present
Labels RCA, Syco, Sony, BMG
Website www.westlife.com
Members
Nicky Byrne
Kian Egan
Mark Feehily
Shane Filan
Past members
Brian McFadden

Westlife are an Irish boy band established on 3 July 1998. They are to disband in 2012. The group’s line-up was Nicky Byrne, Kian Egan, Mark Feehily, Shane Filan, and Brian McFadden (left the band in 2004). The group are the only act in British and Irish history to have their first seven singles peak at number one. Westlife have sold over 44 million records worldwide which includes studio albums, singles, video release, and compilation albums.[1] Despite the group’s worldwide success, they only have one hit single in the United States, “Swear It Again“, which peaked in 2000 on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 20. The band were originally signed by Simon Cowell and are managed by Louis Walsh. The group have accumulated 14 number-one singles in the United Kingdom, the third-highest in UK history, tying with Cliff Richard. The group had also broken a few records, including “Music artist with most consecutive number 1’s in the UK”, which consists of their first seven singles and only behind The Beatles and Elvis Presley. The Official Charts Company credited Westlife as the second biggest-selling artist and biggest-selling band of the decade.[2] It is also noted that Westlife are the most successful boy band to orginate from Ireland. With sales in excess of 44 million, 14 UK number ones and 25 top ten singles. They also certified that Westlife have sold 20.2 million records and videos in the UK across their 14-year career – 6.8 million singles, 11.9 million albums and 1.5 million videos.[3]

On 1 June 2008, Westlife marked their tenth anniversary with a concert in Croke Park, Dublin which had more than 83,000 fans attending the special occasion. Music Week revealed on their website that Westlife are the official third top touring act within the years 2005–2008, while they were seventh top touring act of 2008.[4] Also in 2008, they were declared Ireland’s ninth-richest celebrities under 30 years old and thirteenth in general with 36 million euros as a group. In 2009, they dropped as sixteenth richest Irish with estimated 8 million euros each. They were named as the fourth most hard-working music artist in UK by PRS in 2010.[5] In August 2011, it was reported in the Irish Examiner that the profits of the band’s firm grew five-fold in 2010.[6] On 19 October 2011, Westlife announced they were to split after their Greatest Hits album due for release at the end of 2011 and a farewell tour in Spring 2012.[7]

Contents

[hide]

[edit] Origins

The band was originally signed by Simon Cowell

Prior to becoming successful, Egan, Feehily and Filan along with fellow Sligo men Derrick Lacey, Graham Keighron and Michael Garrett, were part of a six-member pop vocal group called Six as One and was later changed to IOYOU in the year 1997. Managed by choreographer Mary McDonagh along with two other informal managers, they released a single titled “Together Girl Forever”. Walsh, the manager of the 1990s boy-band Boyzone, was contacted by Filan’s mother and came to know about the group. However, the group did not meet Cowell’s approval for a record deal with BMG, and thus changes were needed. Cowell told Walsh, “You are going to have to fire at least three of them. They have great voices, but they are the ugliest band I have ever seen in my life.”[8] Three members of the band were told they would not be part of the new group, and auditions were held in Dublin where Byrne and McFadden were recruited. The new group, formed on 3 July 1998, was re-named Westside but as the name was already taken by another band, it was later changed to Westlife. In Westlife – Our Story, Byrne revealed he was keen to change the name to West High but the others wanted Westlife. Brian also changed the spelling of his name to Bryan to make it easier to sign autographs. Boyzone singer Ronan Keating was brought in to co-manage the group with Walsh. The band then released an EP titled Swear It Again.

[edit] Releases

[edit] Dreams Come True: World Of Our Own: 1999–2002

Westlife’s first big break came in 1998 when they opened for the Boyzone and Backstreet Boys‘ concerts in Dublin. Later Act’ award at the Smash Hits Poll Winners Party.[9] In March 1999, the group released their first single, “Swear It Again” which immediately topped the charts in Ireland and in UK for two weeks.[9] Their second single, “If I Let You Go“, released in August 1999 along with the highly acclaimed “Flying Without Wings” produced by Steve Mac and written by Wayne Hector (their first ‘Record of the Year’), released in October the same year, also followed suit. “Flying Without Wings” was also included on the soundtrack of the Warner Brothers film, Pokémon: The Movie 2000. The first album, simply titled Westlife, was released in November 1999 and peaked at No. 2 in the UK. Ironically, the album was the biggest chart dropper on the top 40 in the music history of UK when, in it’s 58th week on the charts it leapt from #79 to#3 before falling to #37 the following week. In December 1999, the double a side fourth single was released,”I Have A Dream“/”Seasons In The Sun“, knocked Cliff Richard’s “The Millennium Prayer” off the top spot and earning them the 1999 UK Christmas number-one single.[10][11] The fifth and last single from the album, “Fool Again“, also peaked at #1.[12] Then, the group went on a short UK, US[13] and Asian tour in support of their debut album before releasing a second album.

Coast to Coast was released a year after and was another No. 1 UK album beating the Spice GirlsForever album. It became the country’s 4th biggest selling album of 2000 and is Westlife’s biggest selling album to date.[14][15] The album is still considered by many to be Westlife’s best album and was preceded by a duet with Mariah Carey on the Phil Collins‘ classic “Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)” and the original song, “My Love” (the song that bagged their second ‘Record of the Year’ award). Both singles reached No. 1 on the UK charts.[16][17] With this, Westlife broke an unexpected record of having their first seven singles debut at the top of the UK charts, tying with The Beatles. However, in December 2000, they failed to secure their eighth chart-topper in a row with their UK and Ireland only single “What Makes A Man” when kid’s favourite, Bob The Builder‘s “Can We Fix It“, was crowned as the Christmas number-one single of that year.[18] Outside the UK/Ireland territories, they have released “I Lay My Love on You” and “When You’re Looking Like That” and gained chart success. In 2001, they launched their first world tour, “Where Dreams Come True Tour“, unofficially nicknamed “The No Stools Tour” due to the group’s reputation of performing while perched on stools.[9][19]

Westlife released World Of Our Own, their third album, in November 2001. “Uptown Girl“, “Queen of My Heart” and “World of Our Own” were released as singles, as of which all peaked at No. 1 in the UK.[20][21][22]Bop Bop Baby” was also released as a single but it peaked at No. 5 in the UK Singles Chart. In 2002, Westlife went on their second world tour, the World Of Our Own Tour (In The Round).[9]

[edit] Unbreakable: Departure of Bryan: 2002–04

Brian McFadden left Westlife for his family and children.

The group released their eleventh UK No. 1 single, “Unbreakable“, in 2002.[23] Amidst rumours of a split, Westlife released their first greatest hits album in November that same year entitled, Unbreakable – The Greatest Hits Vol. 1 zoomed all the way to No. 1 in the UK. The release was followed by the double a side single, “Tonight/Miss You Nights“, which debuted at No. 3 in the UK.[24] At this era, Because Films Inspire… made a TV Documentary titled as “Wild Westlife” directed by Iain MacDonald and starred by the group itself. It reveals how was their musical life on a daily basis and when on tour.[25] In 2003, Westlife went on to their third world tour, The Greatest Hits Tour, shrugging off rumours of a split.[26]

In September 2003, Westlife released “Hey Whatever“, which peaked at No. 4 on the UK Charts.[27] Their fourth studio album, Turnaround, was then released in November, earning the group another UK No. 1 album. “Mandy“, a cover of the Barry Manilow hit, was released in November 2003. Their version won them their third Record of the Year award in under five years.[28] Their version of Mandy is also considered as the highest single leaper to the top (from No. 200 to #1) in the UK music history.[29]Obvious” was released as the final single from the album, charting at #3.[30] On 9 March 2004, just three weeks prior to embarking on their fourth world tour, Brian McFadden left the group to spend more time with his family and work on solo projects. On that day, a press conference was held where all the group’s members were present and gave emotional individual speeches. Brian’s final public performance as part of Westlife was at Newcastle Upon Tyne‘s Powerhouse nightclub on 27 February 2004.[31][32] He subsequently began a solo career, deciding to revert the spelling of his first name back to its original ‘Brian’, he released his first solo single, “Real To Me” which entered the UK chart at No. 1 and soon after, he released his first solo album, “Irish Son” under Sony Music.[33] He went on to release more singles with moderate success.

[edit] Quintet to quartet: Back Home: 2004–08

Less than a month after McFadden’s departure, the group kicked off their “Turnaround Tour“. A live version from the said tour of “Flying Without Wings” was released as an official UK download, earning them the title of the very first UK Downloads #1. In September 2004, they were about to perform on the world-renowned World Music Awards as they were recognized as the Best Irish Act of that year but the little did know that it wasn’t broadcast worldwide unfortunately.[34] They then put out a Rat Pack-inspired album, Allow Us to Be Frank, peaking at #3. No singles were released in the UK from this album. “Ain’t That a Kick in the Head”, accompanied with a music video, was released as a physical single in other European countries. “Smile” and “Fly Me to the Moon“, with music videos as well, were released as digital downloads only. Prior to the album release, Westlife scouted for “the perfect fan” to help promote their album from their one-season special show “She’s the One”, presented by Kate Thornton.[35] After X Factor-style auditions, they found Joanne Hindley, who recorded “The Way You Look Tonight” with the group.[9] To mark this special collaboration, a special programme was televised, showing auditions and live performances. Performers included Joanne, Westlife members’ fathers and glamour model Katie Price, Il Divo and Kevin Spacey. Westlife continued to tour Europe as part of their “The Number Ones Tour“, before taking a four-month break from work.[36] On 4 May 2005, Westlife lost their battle for European trademark from the German trademark “West”.[37]

In October 2005, Westlife returned with their comeback single, “You Raise Me Up“, which was taken from their Face to Face album. On 5 November 2005, both the album and the single were at No. 1 in the UK at the same time at the second week of the single. It was the first time that Westlife have held both top album and single position in the same week.[38][39] “You Raise Me Up” was awarded as their fourth Record of the Year in UK for 2005. In December that year, the group released “When You Tell Me That You Love Me“, a duet with Diana Ross, as the second single and it debuted at its peak position of #2.[40] Westlife then released a third single, “Amazing“, which debuted at No. 4 and marked as the group’s lowest-selling single yet.[41] After that, Westlife embarked on the “Face to Face Tour“, travelling extensively to the UK, Ireland, Australia and Asia. This tour marked the first time that Westlife travelled to mainland China for a concert.[42][43] In late 2006, Westlife signed a brand new five-album deal with Sony BMG. Their eighth album, The Love Album, was a “love” concept album which consisted of popular love song covers. The album outsold other compilation albums by Oasis, The Beatles, and U2 in its first week of release and went straight to #1. The first single from The Love Album was a cover version of Bette Midler‘s classic, “The Rose“, which became their 14th UK No. 1 single.[44]

The band on their 2006 concert tour

This made Westlife the third act (along with Cliff Richard) in the UK to have the most No. 1 singles, tailing behind Elvis Presley (21) and The Beatles (17). Westlife then kicked off their eighth world tour, “The Love Tour“, in Perth, Australia.[45] The group then went on to other Australian cities before moving on to South Africa, the UK and Ireland.

On 5 November 2007, Westlife released their ninth album, Back Home, which contained nine new original songs along with three cover songs. The album debuted at No. 1 on the UK Music Charts and it was also 2007’s fifth biggest selling album in the UK.[46] The first single released from the album was a cover of Michael Bublé‘s “Home“, which peaked at No. 3 in the UK.[47][48]I’m Already There“, not released as a single, managed to chart in the UK based on downloads alone following a performance on an The X Factor episode. On 15 December 2007, they had a two-hour show called The Westlife Show where they performed 10 of their songs, some voted by the fans through online and some from Back Home. It was hosted by Holly Willoughby.[49] This time, Westlife together with Tesco brought out “The Definitive Westlife Quiz” that asked about the whole history about the group.[50] It was participated by thousands of fans worldwide. Months later, “Us Against the World” was announced and released as their second single in UK and Ireland. Before the release of the second single, they embarked on the Back Home Tour on 2008 February 25. This tour marked the first time that the group have travelled and performed to New Zealand, performing four sold-out shows in Auckland, Wellington, New Plymouth and Christchurch. Meanwhile, “Something Right” was released as the second single and “Us Against the World” became the third single in Europe and the Asia Pacific region. Both songs performed well on several music charts.

[edit] 10 years: Last two studio albums: 2008–11

Clip from their 2008 Back Home concert tour also seen on their 10 Years DVD

To mark their tenth year in music, Westlife staged a special 10 Years of Westlife sold-out concert at the world’s thirty-third and Europe’s fourth biggest stadium,[51] Croke Park, on 1 June 2008.[52] With a capacity of 82 300, it was the group’s biggest show to date. Shayne Ward filled in as a support act for the concert,[53] which Kian described to be of a “pop extravaganza”.[54] Shane confirmed that a corresponding live concert DVD will be released. The group announced that they will be on hiatus for a year after their Back Home Tour[55] and that there would not be an album release in 2008 as they would be spending more time on the production of their tenth album.[56] As promised, the group’s official website confirmed on 27 September 2008 the release of a DVD on 24 November 2008 entitled 10 Years of Westlife – Live at Croke Park Stadium which went straight to No. 1 on UK, Ireland, South African, Hong Kong and New Zealand Music DVD charts.

As the group ended another successful tour, Louis Walsh announced in the show Xpose that 1 July 2008 is the official start of the longest hiatus of the group so far. He said that it will be a one-year break, from that day up to 1 July 2009. On 13 December 2008, while on a break, Westlife made an unexpected appearance on X Factor Final Performance Night where they performed “Flying Without Wings” with JLS. After the presentation, Shane and Nicky were interviewed on Xtra Factor with Ronan Keating and Stephen Gately of Boyzone. As JLS performed also “I’m Already There”, Westlife’s version of the song re-entered the UK Singles Chart at No. 63 while a new entry on Ireland Singles Chart at No. 47 due to extensive downloads only. On the last week of January 2009, a DVD entitled The Karaoke Collection was released. It contains some of their music video hits. In 27 February 2009 issue of Herald Ireland, Louis revealed that Simon already picked three new songs which he reckons to be instant hits. Nicky spread the word last 8 March 2009 that Westlife will come back to music charts when they start recording in June 2009 when he received his VIP Style Awards as the Most Stylish Man on X-pose, TV3. On 18 March 2009, they won the Best Irish Pop Act on 2009 Meteor Awards for the ninth consecutive time.

Their tenth album, Where We Are, was released on 30 November 2009 in the UK and peaked at No. 2 on both Irish and UK Albums Chart. The new single “What About Now“, was released a few weeks earlier on 23 October 2009, with digital downloads being available the day before. The said single peaked at# 2 on both Irish and UK Singles Chart. Daughtry‘s original version of the song gained exposure on the audition rounds of The X Factor prior to Westlife’s release. They were also part of the Haiti charity single in early 2010, “Everybody Hurts“, an R.E.M. cover which was organised by Cowell.[57] The tour in support of this album is called “The Where We Are Tour“. The video album for this said tour will be released in DVD and Blu-ray format in 29 November 2010.[58][59] The eleventh album was recorded and processed with songwriter/producer John Shanks in London and Los Angeles. It was entirely produced by Shanks.[60] On 19 September 2010, the single “Safe” was heard first on X Factor as a snippet; the group later performed the song on the show on 14 November 2010. The single was released on 14 November 2010. It debuted on the UK Singles Chart on 21 November 2010 at No. 10, giving the group their 25th Top 10 single in the United Kingdom. It is also their lowest charting lead single to date in the country. The new album named Gravity was released on a 22 November 2010.[61] It went to No. 1 on Ireland and No. 3 on UK. On March 2011, they started their eleventh major concert tour, Gravity Tour. On this tour marked the first time that the group travelled to Oman, Namibia, Guangzhou and Vietnam for concerts.

[edit] Greatest Hits and split: 2011–12

On 14 March 2011, Westlife confirmed that they had left Cowell after 13 years and his record label Syco Music after nine years. The group cited Syco’s decision not to release a second single from Gravity as the reason.[62] Byrne impacted another reason of being unloved, “We signed to Simon back in 1998 and he was brilliant, but then came the development of The X Factor and American Idol. Simon became famous himself and his interests went that way rather than on Westlife. We almost felt a little bit unloved with Simon Cowell, if I was to be honest. We had it (full time support) with Simon but he got so busy and would do it at the very last minute and we needed someone who was on it all the time.”[63] After going back to RCA Records full-time for a one year album contract, they announced their Greatest Hits album to be released on 21 November 2011. The first and lead single “Lighthouse[64] will be released on 14 November 2011.

On 17 October 2011, Irish Daily Mail reported that the former bandmate McFadden will reunite with them for a show, An Evening with Westlife, in support of the greatest hits album.[65] Paddy Power added their bets if McFadden will rejoin the group permanently and with the next world tour after the report was out.[66] Egan later denied it and said: “All the rumours about Brian re-joining Westlife are untrue. We have been a 4 piece for too long now. We love Brian but it’s not going to be. That includes any TV performances.”[67] With a new compilation album coming out, it is highly speculated Westlife will be doing a new greatest hits tour. According to The Mirror, a source close to the band revealed plans for them to play either the Aviva Stadium or another Croke Park gig in mid-2012.[68] They are scheduled to headline ChildLine Concert in Dublin in 12 November 2011 and to have another exclusive gig on O2 Blueroom in also in Dublin on 24 November 2011.[69][70] in September 2011, Stereoboard.com announced the concert tour for 2012 will start on May that year.[71] But the official site of the band stated: “Despite untrustworthy websites announcing Westlife dates for a 2012 tour, there is no definite tour plan. As soon as there is, the group will make an official announcement. Until then, please disregard any websites claiming they have tickets on sale this Friday.”[72] A UK Tour was first officially announced on October 18 with dates confirmed for May 2012 and it was titled as The Greatest Hits Tour or The Farewell Tour. The said tour was have sold-out in minutes. Stereoboard.com added: “After a massive rush, tickets for Westlife’s May 2012 tour were snapped-up almost immediately as fans flocked to the Internet to try and get their hands on tickets for the final performances of the legendary Irish boy band.”[73] As part of it, ITV commissioned a unique one-off music spectacular will mark Westlife’s final TV appearance as the pop giants take to the stage to sing some of their greatest hits, it will be entitled “Westlife: For the Last Time”.[74] Another show entitled “The Westlife Show: Live” to be broadcast from Studio One of London Studios on the same channel on 1 November 2011.[75] Then they will have a live guesting on The Late Late Show later.[76]

On 19 October 2011, Westlife officially announced they were splitting after a Greatest Hits album and a farewell tour.[7] They described the split as an “amicable” one and they want a “well-earned break”.[77][78][79] Later reports from Daily Record however said there was an “irreparable rift” in the band,[80] but was later denied by a source close to the band saying: “There’s no bad blood in the band, they’re still great pals. But all good things come to an end and they are all keen to do their own thing.”[81] Later, the band also denied it and called the split as a “united decision”.[82] A more comprehensive story behind the split was discussed by Daily Mail and Daily Star.[83][84] A second statement was issued through their official site, saying the fans were continuing to be the best support system.[85] Raidió Teilifís Éireann made a collage of “Westlife – through the years” to mark the special occasion.[86] Keith Duffy said he was surprised to hear of the split.[87] Mayor of Sligo Rosaleen O’Grady, who gave the lads the Freedom of Sligo, was reported to be in shock.[88] While The Irish Times defended the band saying:

Westlife remain one of Ireland’s best-selling musical acts. They set a new chart record for having their first seven singles go to number one and had massive merchandising sales, but to most music critics they had no musical merit whatsoever, specialising as they did in syrupy cover versions targeted at a pre- and young teen market. […] The boyband genre is one of the most difficult and demanding areas in the music industry, with many casualties who have been unable to keep up with the workload, the clean-cut image and the derision from serious music fans. Within the parameters of the genre, Westlife achieved excellence. Having a 14-year career in boyband circles would be the equivalent of a rock band having a 35-year career.[89]

Fans have already taken to social networks to comment on the decision to break-up; some fans describe themselves as feeling “devastated”, “the day the music died.”[90] Some media predicted a possible reunion in the future.[79] However, Westlife scuppered that speculation by vowing they would never reunite.[91] People can leave their messages on Twitter by using #WestlifeForever and #Westlife. It trended on Worldwide, Ireland (Dublin), Indonesia (Bandung, Jakarta), Philippines, Singapore, Sweden, New Zealand, and UK (Birmingham, Glasgow, London, Manchester) categories.[92] A live stream Q&A was announced for 28 October 2011 as a thank you to their fans,[93] but was moved to 3 November due to schedule conflicts.[94]

[edit] Longevity

The band have been in the music industry for thirteen years since they signed up. With huge popularity on-hand, numerous reports had spread out that the band have broken up or taking a hiatus especially when they released a greatest hits compilation album in 2002, McFadden left the band in 2004, and in a year-off recording in 2008 where Egan has insisted that they are not splitting up for good, telling The Sun: “The minute people hear we’re taking a break, they are going to say we are splitting up for good – which is not true. “Myself and Jodi (Albert) are going to go and do some travelling and I’m sure the other guys have plans as well. It will be the first time in years that there hasn’t been a Westlife album vying for the Christmas number one, which will be a bit weird, but I think we have earned the time off. We love Westlife and people still want to hear us, so we are not going anywhere. Why would we give that up?”.[95]

In 15 June 2011, they cleared up the another hiatus report and Egan insists he and his bandmates have no plans to put the group on hold and they’re working on new material and any quotes about us taking a break are simply not true.”[96] In August 2011, Byrne says that after their second greatest hits they might not come back with a new 2012 studio album because it might feel too soon. He added: “We are out of contract at the moment which is a great position to be in because if this album does well we’re looking to the future, like a footballer you are free to talk to anybody.”, “I would say we’d probably look at what’s on the table and then maybe discuss with a few other people, labels and see what’s there and move forward.”[97] In October 2011, a source told The Mirror, “The boys are pretty knackered, They’ve been constantly working for the past decade and just want time to enjoy what they’ve made for themselves before coming back with a brand-new album. They’re not splitting up – it’s a break. The plan is to come back with full force after that.”[98]

[edit] Artistry

Shane Filan, the lead vocalist of the group

[edit] Vocal ability

The boyband concept is designed to have different parts and roles. Filan, Feehily and McFadden (pre-departure) all took part on the main vocals while Byrne and Egan usually perform the backing vocals and very occasional solos in songs up to the recent date. These are the classifications on vocal abilities: Filan has ‘the popular tune’ (mid-range to high voice) and thus sings the tenor-like melody most often, whereas Feehily has ‘the soulful voice’ and can go from quite low baritone notes through to a very high tenor voice. He sometimes sings falsetto. Byrne has ‘the husky voice’ and can sing high harmonies effortlessly, while Egan has ‘the rocky voice’ and usually does low harmonies.

[edit] Instruments

Westlife’s main key instruments are their vocals. However some of them can play musical instruments, most notably Egan who plays piano, drums and guitar (he can be seen playing piano in the videoclip for “Angel“), and Feehily also plays piano. During their gigs and concert tours, they are accompanied by a band, acoustic and rock, and do not usually play instruments onstage.

[edit] Songwriting

Over years of their career, Westlife’s music has evolved from teen pop to a pop sound, with an emphasis on ballads. Most of the group’s hits have been composed by experienced songwriters, most notably Steve Mac and Wayne Hector. For the band’s list of own songs composed, see Songs written.

[edit] Music and image

The band identify themselves as a pop band recording pop songs which comprises ballads and love songs. Westlife has been known for their teen pop songs during their early days with slow, mid, and uptempo songs. Albums known for teen pop sound are Westlife, Coast to Coast, World of Our Own and Turnaround. As the years progressed they tried different genres like jazz and big band in 2004 with Allow Us to Be Frank album and pop-rock in 2009 with their album Where We Are. As they also mature, they verge into adult contemporary being most evident on their cover album, The Love Album. Matured pop songs are also found on their LPs, Face to Face and Back Home, and Gravity. Filan answered when he was asked about the radical change in their music: “We’ve definitely changed – our music has evolved, but not drastically. Westlife is never going to drastically change, but I think we can get more exciting, different and more fun for the fans.”[99]

Every Westlife album have always been a mixture of genres. R&B genre is evident as a sound of the band since the start where their voices were harmonising and blending with each other. We can hear it on their songs “When I’m With You”, “How to Break a Heart”, and “Sound of a Broken Heart”. Acoustic genre also took place as they have its versions with their songs “My Love”, “Flying Without Wings”, and “If I Let You Go”. Club or electronic sounds were also heard from their remixes on each singles released. Dance music is also a genre of Westlife as heard on their songs “When You’re Looking Like That”, “Bad Girls”, “World of Our Own”, “Beautiful Tonight”, “No One’s Gonna Sleep Tonight”, and “Uptown Girl”. Live music has came to their way as they have officially released recorded live sounds such as “You Raise Me Up” (Live at Croke Park) and “To Be With You“. They did country music too like their recording of “Daytime Friends, Nighttime Lovers”. As a pop band they are also inspired to cover songs that were different and put into their own genre which is pop (With the likes of “Home” from jazz music, “I’m Already There” from country music).

During their starting days, the band’s musical content was mostly about love and inspirational songs but as they grew older, they have given the chance to have the songs that were from an individual’s everyday experience in life. As for their image, they publicly begun as boyband with wholesome and clean-cut image. Now, they call themselves a manband with a more broad and manly looking image as they grow older.[100]

[edit] Popularity and influence

When the band signed a formal contract in 1998, their managers had already intended for them to be massively popular and so approached top producers and songwriters. Their début album and single luckily coincided with the apogee of boyband popularity. Their success has been most apparent in their homeland and the UK. Also popular in Europe, they have singularly failed to crack America. They have been compared sometimes favourably and sometimes less so to their contemporaries Backstreet Boys, Boyzone, Blue, A1, and Take That and to other pop bands like Busted, McFly, Simple Plan, F4, S Club 7, Steps and Spice Girls.

The group’s influences are Michael Jackson, Backstreet Boys, and Boyzone while pop is their main music influence. They are adored by many people even celebrities like Chris Martin of Coldplay, Alexandra Burke and Nadine Coyle of Girls Aloud.[101][102][103] The band have “tribute bands” performing their songs like Envy, Westlives,[104] That’s Life,[105] and Westlike. On the other hand, Westlife also paid tribute to their co-boybands as one of the tour setlist in 2007.[106] Later pop bands such as One Direction, The Wanted, and JLS expressed such adoration for the group over their respective music careers.

[edit] US Market

Despite their success in some parts of the world, Westlife have been unable to break into the US market. Their debut single and music video “Swear It Again”, released in the US in 2000, was a hit on mainstream radio and the band even made an appearance on MTV’s Total Request Live. The song was No. 75 on the Billboard Hot 100 year end chart of 2000. A US edition of their debut album, Westlife was also released. In 2002, an attempt was made to promote and release a US version of World Of Our Own but was scaled back as the band decided to concentrate promotions in other foreign markets where they had a larger fan base. This was a surprising decision as the band did not maximise the potential and opportunity available when the two most prominent boy bands in the US, the Backstreet Boys and *NSYNC, went on hiatus that year.

The Westlife hit song “Flying Without Wings” peaked at No.2 in the USA when American Idol Season 2 winner Ruben Studdard recorded and released it as his debut single. The band was disappointed when they heard of the news as they were planning on bringing that song to the American audiences in the near future. In 2003, Westlife went to Nashville to film a TV documentary. While they were there, they gave a live performance of the song “Daytime Friends“, originally by country music legend Kenny Rogers.

[edit] Collaborations

Westlife is signed to the management of major record label Sony Music under Syco Music (2002–2011) and RCA Records (2011–present). Louis Walsh, Simon Cowell and others comprise the group’s management and production team now and then.

The present manager of Westlife, Louis Walsh.

The group has recorded studio and live performances with some of the most renowned music acts: Mariah Carey (“Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)”), Lulu (“Back at One“), Joanne Hindley (“The Way You Look Tonight”), Diana Ross (“When You Tell Me That You Love Me”), Donna Summer (“No More Tears (Enough Is Enough)“), and Delta Goodrem (“All Out of Love“). They have also collaboorated on “If I Had Words” with The Vards, “I Have A Dream” with Indonesian child-star Sherina, and “My Love” with Amr Diab. These songs were also recorded and included on the various albums. In 2002, Westlife re-recorded their hit song “Flying Without Wings” with Cristian Castro and with Korean singer BoA as two separate duets.

Westlife has performed live duets with some of the biggest names in the music industry including: Sinéad O’Connor (“Silent Night“), Donny Osmond (“Crazy Horses“), Mariah Carey (“Never Too Far/Hero Medley“), Secret Garden (“You Raise Me Up”), Lionel Richie (“Easy”), Ronan Keating (“The Dance”), Dolores O’Riordan of The Cranberries (“Little Drummer Boy“), Roy Orbison (“Pretty Woman“), Delta Goodrem (“All Out Of Love“), Raymond Quinn (“That’s Life“), Leehom Wang (“You Raise Me Up”), Mary Black (“Walking in the Air”), Kevin Spacey (“Fly Me to the Moon“), Do (“Heaven”), JLS (“Flying Without Wings“), Boyzone (“No Matter What“), Various artists “All-Stars” (“That’s What Friends Are For“; “Merry Christmas Everybody“; “I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday“) and even their fathers (“That’s Life“).

In an interview with December 2010 isuue of OK Magazine, when the band was asked who they would like to duet with if they could pick anyone, they chose Beyoncé and Christina Aguilera.[107] They find interest in collaborating also with Tinie Tempah, Boyzone, Take That, Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood.[108] Before they were reported to have recording as a duet with Britney Spears, Jessica Simpson, Michael Jackson, Lionel Ritchie, Julio Iglesias, and Bryan Adams.[109][110] Some artists expressed the love to work the band like Chipmunk and boxer Mike Tyson.[111] While artist like Hot Chip wants to cover their songs.[112] Some well-known music artists also recorded the group’s songs in reality like Ronan Keating, Will Young, Shayne Ward, Ruben Studdard. (See Songs covered by other artists)

Aside from Steve Mac and Wayne Hector, the group has had opportunities to work on their original songs with many well-known songwriters/producers including Savan Kotecha, Rami Yacoub, Per Magnusson, Pete Waterman, David Kreuger, Max Martin, Anders Johansson, Josef Larossi, Jorgen Elofsson, Andreas Carlsson, Arnthor Birgisson, Kristian Lundin, Jake Schulze, Diane Warren, and most recently, Ryan Tedder, Chris Braide, Sam Watters, Louis Biancaniello, Steve Anderson, Steve Robson, Ruth-Anne Cunningham and John Shanks. For the full list, see External songwriters.

Long-time collaborator Wayne Hector once defined the essence of Westlife songwriting:

“If you want to write a song for Westlife, you’ve got to have a lyric that connects on a basic level. We’ve always thought the reason Westlife songs have been so successful is because it’s about situations that everybody goes through. We weren’t trying to be too clever about it, we were trying to be emotional.”[113]

For their remixed songs, Rokstone, Orphanz, Ashanti Boyz, Wideboys, Soul Seekerz, and Jim Steinman have already worked for the group on some of their single releases. Some of the music video directors who have worked with Westlife are: Cameron Casey, Wayne Isham, Nigel Dick, Stuart Gosling, Phil Griffin, Antti Jokinen, David Mould, Alex Hemming, Philip Andelman, Sean De Sparengo, Max Giwa and Dania Pasquini.

Shayne Ward, No Way Out, K-otic, Natural, Six, Totally Spies, D-Side and Lauren Waterworth, Bellefire, The Conway Sisters, V, Twen2y4se7en, Zoo, Kwest, Pop, Sub Bass 5, Traphic, Mark Dakriet, 4th Ba5e, Reel, Peter Andre, Girls Aloud, Eton Road, Gareth Gates, Roxanne, Alsou, The MacDonald Brothers, Billiam, Cushh, The Unconventionals, Dyyce, Lady Nada, Code 5, Annabel Fay, Hope, The Fuel, Wow, Glenn Cal, Parade, Jedward, JLS, and Wonderland were some who supported them on different tours. Wonderland are a girlband co-managed by Westlife member Kian and Louis Walsh.

The band performed to famous people such as Pope John Paul II,[114] U.S. President Barack Obama,[115][116][117] the Sultan of Brunei Hassanal Bolkiah with family[118] and Queen Elizabeth II.[119][120]

[edit] Products and endorsements

Some of the products that Westlife officially released are books, calendars (from 2001–present), tour merchandise such as T-shirts, and fragrances. They have their own webpage for their official merchandises since 2008, available for men and women.[121] They also received sponsorship for their concert tours from Adidas on 2002 and Volkswagen on 2011.

To the list of their books, they have official and unofficial books released. The lone book written by the members of Westlife was released on 16 June 2008 by HarperCollins UK Publishing entitled ‘Westlife – Our Story‘, as part of their 10th year celebration.[122][123] The book was said to be written by each group member for three months. It contains the life they have for the past ten years in the business. It features also some of the private pictures from the lads. On 28 May 2009, they re-released the autobiography, adding their Croke Park experience and first time in a paperback edition. At that time also, the band released a 3-piece perfume set entitled “X”. It leaked on December 2008 and was formally released on November 2009.[124] In September 2010, they released their second fragrance entitled “With Love”.[125]

[edit] Philanthropy

While each member of the group has had their own individual humanitarian advocacies and activities, Westlife has been supporting various projects for a charity cause from the start. One of which was when the group re-recorded “I Have A Dream” with Indonesian star Sherina for a UNICEF fund raising. They are involved also on the Helping For Haiti charity single that was released 8 February 2010 on UK. Aside from that, the group released their cover version of “Uptown Girl” as a Comic Relief single, which was one of their biggest selling singles to date.

On 4 November 2005, they performed together with Christina Aguilera and Diana Ross at Coca-Cola Dome in Johannesburg, South Africa for The “Unite of the Stars” Gala Banquet charity concert that supports four charities: the Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund, Unite Against Hunger, St. Mary’s Hospital and the Topsy Foundation. They also performed live for charity on Sports Relief, Macmillan Cancer Support, Croí, Western Alzheimer’s, O’Dwyer Cheshire Home, Mayo Cancer Support Group, Marie Keating Foundation, Outward Bound Trust, ChildLine, Children in Need, Sheffield’s Children Hospital.[126][127][128][129] They’ve participated also in Royal British Legion and Galway‘s Irish Water Safety Campaign by doing an advertisement.[130][131] They had also helped for auctions on Meningitis Research Foundation, Carlton Celebrity Auction (for Centrepoint (for the homeless), the N.S.P.C.C., and The Samaritans), Zutto charity painting, Pushing The Envelope (for National Literacy Trust) and Irish Blood Transfusion Service (IBTS).[132][133][134][135][136] They’ve visited also Great Osmond Street Hospital for charity.[137][138]

They’ve been involved also with the following organisations: Royal National Institute for the Deaf (RNID), Cancer Research UK, Byrne for Heart Attack and asthma awareness campaigns, Daily Star’s Reclaim Our Streets crusade, Filan for Irish Red Cross (by Sligo Rover’s Showgrounds football match), Byrne for Oxfam‘s East Africa Famine appeal (by Celtic v Manchester United football match), Filan and Byrne for Soccer Aid, JP McManus Invitational Pro-Am, One World Beat, Egan for Strandhill Indonesian Relief Fund (SIRF, in aid of the South Asian tsunami victims), World Food Programme (WFP), Muscle Help Foundation, Feehily for Aware, Byrne for Children’s Hospice South West (by Truro charity football match), Global Breast Cancer Awareness Campaign and Real Man campaign. They are also included as ambassadors of The Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (ISPCC).[139] As part of IPSCC, Feehily signed up for their anti-bullying campaign, “Join the Fight for Children’s Rights”.[140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154]

[edit] Discography

Main Article: Westlife discography, Westlife songlist, Westlife videography, Westlife filmography

[edit] Awards, nominations, records and achievements

Main article: Westlife awards, Westlife records

[edit] Tours

Main article: Westlife tours

[edit] See also

Sumber dari : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westlife



{December 4, 2011}  

Madonna

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Madonna

Madonna di Toronto Film Festival 2011
Latar belakang
Nama lahir Madonna Louise Ciccone
Lahir 16 Agustus 1958 (umur 53)
Bendera Amerika Serikat Bay City, Michigan, Amerika Serikat
Genre Pop, dance, rock
Pekerjaan Penyanyi, penulis lagu, penari, produser rekaman, aktris, sutradara, produser film, penulis buku, desainer, pengusaha
Instrumen Vokal, gitar, perkusi, drum
Tahun aktif 1979–sekarang
Label Sire, Maverick, Warner Bros., Live Nation Artists
Situs web www.madonna.com

Madonna Louise Ciccone (lahir di Bay City, Michigan, Amerika Serikat, 16 Agustus 1958; umur 53 tahun) adalah seorang penyanyi, aktris, dan pengusaha berkebangsaan Amerika Serikat. Ia merupakan salah satu figur paling besar dalam sejarah musik populer dunia dan mendapat julukan sebagai “Ratu Pop”. Menurut Guinness World Records, ia merupakan penyanyi wanita tersukses sepanjang masa. Madonna dikenal akan produksi musik yang inovatif dan provokatif, koreografi dan pertunjukan panggung yang ekstravagan, serta video musik yang artistik. Sejak kemunculan dan dominasinya di dunia hiburan era 1980-an, Madonna telah mendefinisikan musik dan budaya pop dan menjadi pengaruh besar bagi banyak penyanyi di berbagai belahan dunia.

Madonna meluncurkan album pertamanya pada tahun 1983 di bawah label Sire Records, setelah sebelumnya mengawali karier sebagai drumer dan vokalis pada grup musik rock Breakfast Club dan Emmy. Madonna kemudian berhasil melesat menuju puncak popularitas melalui serangkaian album dan singelnya yang merajai tangga musik di banyak negara, serta video-videonya yang berhasil mendominasi tayangan MTV. Sepanjang perjalanan kariernya, Madonna telah mengeksplorasi beragam jenis musik dan merubah citranya secara konstan. Ia telah mendapat pujian dari kritikus musik internasional, namun juga sering menuai kontroversi akibat penggunaan tema seksualitas, agama, dan politik ke dalam karya-karyanya.

Madonna memperlebar kariernya dengan terjun di bidang seni peran. Sayangnya, karier akting Madonna tidak segemilang kiprahnya di dunia musik. Sebagian besar film Madonna tidak mendapat respon positif dari publik dan kritikus. Meskipun demikian, Madonna sempat meraih penghargaan “Aktris Terbaik” dari Golden Globe Awards berkat penampilannya di film Evita (1996). Selain itu, Madonna juga dikenal sebagai perancang busana, penulis buku anak-anak, sutradara, dan produser film. Ia telah diakui sebagai pengusaha jenius dan dinobatkan sebagai penyanyi wanita terkaya di dunia oleh majalah Forbes. Ia juga berhasil mendirikan perusahaan rekaman Maverick yang sukses meluncurkan karier sejumlah penyanyi seperti Alanis Morissette.

Madonna merupakan artis wanita terlaris sepanjang masa, dengan penjualan rekaman musik mencapai lebih dari 300 juta kopi di seluruh dunia. Pada tahun 2008, majalah Billboard merangking Madonna di nomor dua—di belakang The Beatles—dalam daftar Billboard Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists, yang menjadikannya artis solo tersukses dalam sejarah tangga lagu Amerika Serikat. Sepanjang perjalanan kariernya, Madonna telah memenangkan banyak penghargaan dan mencatat berbagai rekor dalam Guinness World Records. Nama Madonna juga telah diabadikan di museum Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Daftar isi

[sembunyikan]

[sunting] Kehidupan dan karier

[sunting] 1958–1981: Kehidupan awal

Madonna merupakan anak ketiga dari enam bersaudara, dari pasangan Madonna Fortin, seorang wanita keturunan PerancisKanada dan Silvio Ciccone, seorang pria ItaliaAmerika yang aslinya berasal dari Pacentro, Abruzzo, Italia.[1][2][3] Ibunya meninggal dunia akibat kanker payudara saat Madonna berusia 5 tahun. Ayahnya kemudian menikah lagi dengan pengurus rumah-tangga keluarganya, Joan Gustafson.[4]

Madonna mengenyam pendidikannya di sekolah St. Frederick’s dan St. Andrew’s Elementary Schools dan kemudian West Middle School. Di sekolahnya ia dikenal sebagai siswi yang pintar. Setelah itu, ia melanjutkan pendidikannya di Rochester Adams High School dan menjadi anggota regu cheerleader. Setelah lulus dari sekolah itu, Madonna berhasil mendapatkan beasiswa tari di Universitas Michigan.[5] Guru ballet-nya lah yang meyakinkan Madonna untuk mewujudkan kariernya dalam bidang tari. Di usianya yang ke-19, Madonna kemudian memutuskan meninggalkan kuliahnya dan pindah ke Kota New York pada tahun 1977.[6]

Dengan uang senilai $35, Madonna nekad pergi ke New York dengan menggunakan pesawat dan taksi.[7] Walhasil, uangnya habis dan ia pun hidup dalam kemelaratan. Ia kemudian bekerja sebagai pelayan di restoran cepat saji Dunkin’ Donuts dan sebagai penari.[8] Ia bahkan kemudian sempat menjadi model foto telanjang karena sangat membutuhkan uang. Madonna kemudian menjalin hubungan asmara dengan musisi Dan Gilroy, lalu kemudian bersama-sama membentuk grup band rock pertamanya, Breakfast Club.[9][10][11] Pada tahun 1980, Madonna meninggalkan grup tersebut dan membentuk grup Emmy bersama drummer dan mantan pacarnya, Stephen Bray.[12] Mereka kemudian bersama-sama memproduksi lagu-lagu tari yang berhasil mendapat perhatian klub-klub di Kota New York. DJ dan produser rekaman, Marka Kamins tertarik dengan demo rekaman Madonna, lalu kemudian memperkenalkannya kepada Seymour Stein, pendiri Sire Records, label rekaman di bawah Warner Bros. Records.[13] Madonna kemudian direkrut menjadi salah satu artis di perusahaan rekaman tersebut.[14]

[sunting] 1982–1985: Madonna, Like a Virgin dan pernikahan pertama

Madonna bersama band pengiringnya dalam konser “The Virgin Tour”.

Setelah menandatangani kontrak rekaman dengan Sire Records, Madonna meluncurkan singel perdananya berjudul “Everybody” pada tanggal 6 Oktober 1982.[15] Setahun kemudian, Madonna merilis album pertamanya bertajuk Madonna. Album ini cukup sukses di pasaran dan mencapai peringkat 8 di tangga album Billboard 200 serta peringkat 10 besar di beberapa negara. Selain “Everybody”, album ini juga menelurkan 4 singel lainnya, yaitu “Burning Up”, “Hollyday”, “Lucky Star” dan “Borderline”. Perlahan-lahan, penampilan dan gaya berbusana Madonna mulai memengaruhi banyak gadis dan wanita hingga menjadikannya ikon mode pada dekade 1980-an.[16]

Madonna benar-benar meraih popularitas di seluruh dunia saat merilis album keduanya berjudul Like a Virgin pada tahun 1984. Album ini berhasil mencapai peringkat 1 di beberapa negara dan telah sukses terjual hingga 21 juta keping di seluruh dunia.[17] Singel dari album ini, “Like a Virgin”, sukses menduduki posisi puncak tangga lagu Billboard Hot 100 selama enam minggu berturut-turut.[9] Madonna menampilkan lagu tersebut di pegelaran perdana MTV Video Music Awards dengan memakai gaun pengantin dan ikat pinggang “Boy Toy” yang menjadi ciri khasnya saat itu.[18] Penampilannya tesebut merupakan salah satu momen paling berkesan sepanjang sejarah MTV.[18]

Pada tahun 1985, Madonna mulai mencoba bidang akting dengan memerankan sosok seorang penyanyi klub di film Vision Quest. Ia juga merilis singel tema film tersebut, “Crazy for You”, yang berhasil menjadi singel nomor-satu kedua Madonna di Amerika Serikat.[19] Madonna juga tampil dalam film komedi Desperately Seeking Susan, yang memperkenalkan singel nomor-satu perdana Madonna di Britania Raya, “Into the Groove”.[20] Madonna menjalin cinta dengan aktor Sean Penn, lalu kemudian mereka menikahi pada hari ulang tahun Madonna ke-27.[21]

Pada tahun itu, Madonna memulai tur konser perdananya bertajuk “The Virgin Tour”.[22] Tur ini hanya digelar di Amerika Utara meskipun banyak permintaan dari Eropa dan Asia. Saat konsernya di gedung prestisius Radio City Music Hall, New York, Madonna memecahkan rekor dengan 17.672 tiket konser yang seluruhnya habis terjual dalam waktu 34 menit.[23] Madonna juga berpartisipasi dalam konser amal Live Aid untuk menggalang dana bagi krisis kelaparan di Ethiopia.

Pada bulan Juli 1985, majalah Penthouse dan Playboy menghebohkan dunia dengan menerbitkan foto-foto telanjang hitam-putih Madonna yang diambil di tahun 1978 di New York.[24] Karena diterbitkan dalam media yang sah, Madonna tidak bisa mengambil tindakan hukum untuk menghentikan majalah-majalah tersebut.[24] Foto-foto tersebut diambil saat Madonna belum populer dan sangat memerlukan uang untuk bertahan hidup di New York. Saat itu, Madonna hanya dibayar $25 satu sesi pemotretan, sementara foto-foto itu sendiri berhasil terjual hingga $100.000.[24]

[sunting] 1986–1991: True Blue dan Like a Prayer

Madonna di sela-sela tur dunianya yang bertajuk “Blond Ambition World Tour” – 12 September 1990.

Pada tahun 1986, Madonna merilis album ketiganya bertajuk True Blue. Album ini berhasil mencapai peringkat satu di berbagai negara dan telah terjual lebih dari 24 juta keping.[25] Album ini sukses menempatkan tiga singel nomor-satu Madonna di tangga lagu Billboard Hot 100 yaitu “Live to Tell”, “Papa Don’t Preach” dan “Open Your Heart”.[19] Pada tahun yang sama, film yang pertama kali dibintangi Madonna, Shanghai Surprise, mendapat sejumlah kritikan.[26]

Pada tahun 1987, Madonna kembali membintangi film Who’s That Girl dan merilis album soundtracknya.[19] Pada tahun ini, Madonna menggelar tur musiknya bertajuk “Who’s That Girl World Tour”.[27] Madonna merilis album remix dari lagu-lagu hits-nya bertajuk You Can Dance. Pada tahun 1988, pemerintah Kota Pacentro, Italia mulai merancang patung Madonna setinggi 13 kaki (4 meter).[28] Patung ini dibangun untuk menandakan bahwa nenek moyang Madonna berasal dari kota tersebut.[29] Pada Januari 1989, Madonna resmi bercerai dengan suami pertamanya, Sean Penn.[30][21]

Album keempat Madonna, Like a Prayer, dilepas pada tahun 1989 dan menduduki peringkat satu di banyak negara termasuk tangga album Billboard 200.[31] Singel pertamanya, “Like a Prayer”, meraih kesuksesan besar dan berhasil memuncaki berbagai tangga lagu dunia. Video musik lagu ini menampilkan banyak simbol agama Katolik seperti stigmata dan pembakaran salib, yang mendapat kutukan keras dari pihak Vatikan.[18] Perusahaan minuman ringan Pepsi awalnya mengontrak Madonna untuk lagu tersebut dan menampilkan video tersebut pada iklan komersialnya. Akibat kontroversinya, Pepsi memutuskan untuk mencabut iklan itu dan membatalkan kontraknya dengan Madonna.[32]

Tahun berikutnya, Madonna membintangi film adapatasi dari komik berseri, Dick Tracy. Untuk mengiringi film tersebut, Madonna merilis album soundtrack keduanya yang bertajuk I’m Breathless. Album ini menelurkan singel nomor satu ke-8 Madonna, “Vogue”[33] serta “Sooner or Later” yang memenangkan penghargaan Oscar kategori “Best Original Song”.[34] Pada April 1990, Madonna memulai tur dunianya bertajuk “Blond Ambition World Tour”, yang menampilkan tema seksual dan agama. Madonna pun menuai kontroversi atas penampilannya pada lagu “Like a Virgin” yang menampilkan dua penari pria yang mencumbu dirinya sebelum ia memperagakan adegan masturbasi.[27] Paus menghimbau kepada seluruh umat Katolik untuk tidak mengikuti konser Madonna.[35] Asosiasi Katolik bernama Famiglia Domani juga memboikot tur tersebut karena menampilkan sensualitas.[36]

Pada November 1990, Madonna merilis album kompilasi terbaik pertamanya bertajuk The Immaculate Collection. Album ini berisikan 15 hits Madonna sepanjang dekade 1980-an, ditambah 2 lagu barunya, “Justify My Love” dan “Rescue Me”.[37] Album ini tercatat sebagai kompilasi terlaris di dunia oleh seorang penyanyi wanita dengan penjualan lebih dari 26 juta kopi. Singel nomor-satu kesembilan Madonna di Amerika, “Justify My Love”, kembali menuai kontroversi dengan video musiknya yang menampilkan kekerasan seksual, ciuman sesama jenis dan ketelanjangan.[38] Akibatnya, video ini dilarang tayang oleh MTV dan VH1.[39] Di masa ini, Madonna juga berpacaran dengan model dan aktor Tony Ward, lalu kemudian dengan rapper Vanilla Ice.[40]

[sunting] 1992–1996: Kontroversi buku SEX hingga kesuksesan Evita

Penampilan teatrikal Madonna dalam konser “The Girlie Show” (1993).

Pada tahun 1992, Madonna mendirikan perusahaan pertamanya, Maverick, yang terdiri atas perusahaan rekaman (Maverick Records), perusahaan produksi film (Maverick Films) serta divisi penerbitan musik, televisi, merchandise dan buku. Terbitan pertama perusahaan tersebut adalah buku kontroversial Madonna berjudul SEX. Buku tersebut memuat gambar-gambar karya fotografer Steven Meisel. Meskipun menuai reaksi keras di media, buku seharga $50 tersebut seketika laku keras sebanyak 1.500.000 eksemplar.[41][42] Album kelima Madonna, Erotica, yang dirilis pada tanggal 20 Oktober 1992, mencapai peringkat 2 tangga album Billboard 200.[42][43]

Pada tahun 1993, Madonna membintangi dua judul film, masing-masing Body of Evidence dan Dangerous Game. Madonna kembali mendapat kritikan untuk film Body of Evidence yang menampilkan erotisme.[44] Namun untuk Dangerous Game, Madonna menerima sejumlah pujian.[45] Pada akhir tahun 1993, Madonna menggelar tur konser bertajuk “The Girlie Show World Tour”.[46] Turnya kali mendapat reaksi negatif di Puerto Riko, dimana saat di panggung ia menggosokan bendera negara itu di antara kakinya.Orang-orang Yahudi Ortodoks juga memprotes konser perdananya di Israel.[27] Di tahun itu, saat Madonna tampil di acara Late Show with David Letterman, ia mengucapkan kata-kata kotor dan meminta Letterman untuk menciumi pakaian dalamnya.[47] Serangkaian kontroversi yang telah dilakukannya, membuat Madonna mendapatkan publikasi negatif dari kritikus dan penggemarnya yang menilai ia sudah terlalu jauh.[48]

Madonna mulai mencoba mengurangi kontroversinya dengan merilis singel “I’ll Remember”, yang direkamnya untuk film arahan Alek Keshishian, With Honors.[49] Ia kemudian mulai menunjukan penampilan jinaknya bersama David Letterman pada sebuah acara penghargaan dan juga saat tampil pada pertunjukan Jay Leno. Pada tahun 1994, Madonna merilis album keenamnya, Bedtime Stories. Dengan album ini, Madonna mencoba menarik kembali simpati publik dan melunakan citranya.[50] Album ini menelurkan singel “Take a Bow” yang menduduki peringkat satu Billboard Hot 100 selama tujuh minggu.[51][52] Sebagai tindak lanjut dari usahanya untuk melunakan citra, pada Mei 1995, Madonna merilis album kompilasi Something to Remember yang memuat lagu-lagu baladanya, ditambah 2 lagu baru: “You’ll See” dan lagu daur ulang dari Marvin Gaye berjudul “I Want You”.[53][19]

Pada tahun 1996, Madonna membintangi film tersukses sepanjang karier aktingnya, Evita.[54][55] Album soundtrack film ini memuat 3 singel Madonna, yaitu “You Must Love Me”, “Don’t Cry For Me Argentina” dan “Another Suitcase in Another Hall”. Melalui film ini, ia kemudian meraih penghargaan Aktris Terbaik di Golden Globe Awards.[56] Pada masa ini, Madonna terlibat hubungan percintaan dengan pelatih fitness Carlos Leon. Pada tanggal 14 Oktober 1996, Madonna melahirkan anak pertamanya Lourdes Maria Ciccone Leon, buah dari hubungannya dengan Carlos Leon.[57] Setelah kelahiran anak pertamanya, Madonna mulai menganut kepercayaan Kabala, sebuah aliran mistis Yahudi.

[sunting] 1997–2002: Ray of Light, Music dan pernikahan kedua

Album Ray of Light meraih empat piala Grammy Awards pada tahun 1998.

Setelah kelahiran anak pertamanya, Madonna mulai terlibat dalam Kabalah, sebuah aliran mistisisme Yahudi. Ia diperkenalkan pada ajaran Kabalah pada tahun 1997 oleh aktris Sandra Bernhard. Setahun kemudian, Madonna meluncurkan album ketujuhnya, Ray of Light, yang langsung duduk di peringkat 2 tangga album Billboard 200.[52] Melalui album ini, Madonna berhasil meraih tiga penghargaan di Grammy Awards 1998 untuk kategori “Best Pop Vocal Album”, “Best Dance Recording” dan “Best Short Form Music Video”.[58][59] Singel pertama dari album ini, “Frozen”, menduduki peringkat 2 di Billboard Hot 100.[19] Di Britania Raya, singel ini menjadi singel nomor-satu pertama Madonna dalam 8 tahun terakhir. Di tahun 2005, lagu ini kemudian dituduh sebagai karya plagiat dari lagu ciptaan musisi Belgia, Salvatore Acquaviva yang berjudul “Ma Vie Fount L’camp”. Akibatnya, album dan lagu Madonna ini dilarang beredar di Belgia.[60] Singel kedua dari album ini, “Ray of Light”, menduduki posisi 5 di Amerika Serikat dan berhasil memenangkan penghargaan MTV Video Music Awards. Lagu ini juga dipakai Microsoft dalam kampanye iklan untuk memperkenalkan Windows XP.[61] Album Ray of Light merupakan salah satu album terbaik Madonna dan termasuk salah satu dari “Rolling Stone‘s 500 Greatest Albums of All Time”.[62]

Pada tahun 2000, Madonna membintangi film The Next Best Thing. Ia menyumbang dua lagu untuk film tersebut, yaitu “Time Stood Still” dan “American Pie“, daur ulang lagu milik Don McLean.[63] Pada tahun yang sama Madonna merilis album kedelapannya, Music, yang langsung duduk di peringkat satu tangga album Billboard 200.[64] Album ini mencetak 3 singel: “Music”, singel nomor-satu ke-12 Madonna di Amerika Serikat, serta singel “Don’t Tell Me” dan “What It Feels Like for a Girl”.[65] Madonna kembali menjalin hubungan percintaan, kali ini dengan Guy Ritchie. Pada tanggal 11 Agustus 2000, Madonna melahirkan seorang putra yang ia beri nama Rocco.[66] Pasangan tersebut kemudian menikah di Skotlandia pada tahun yang sama.[67] Setelah pernikahan tersebut Madonna menetap di Inggris dan menjadi wanita terkaya di negeri itu melebihi Ratu Elizabeth II.

Pada Mei 2001, Madonna memulai tur konser kerlimanya bertajuk “Drowned World Tour” di kota-kota Amerika Utara dan Eropa.[27] Tur tersebut menjadi salah satu tur terlaris tahun itu dengan keuntungan $75 juta dari total 47 buah pertunjukan sold-out.[68][69] Madonna kemudian merilis kompilasi terbaik keduanya bertajuk GHV2 yang muncul di posisi 7 di Billboard 200.[70] Pada tahun 2002, Madonna kemudian membintangi film Swept Away yang disutradarai suaminya, Guy Ritchie. Di tahun yang sama ia merilis singel tema film James Bond, “Die Another Day“. Singel ini mencapai peringkat 8 di Amerika Serikat dan menerima dua nominasi, yaitu Golden Globe Awards sebagai “Lagu Terbaik” dan Golden Raspberry sebagai “Lagu Terburuk”.[19][71][72]

[sunting] 2003–2006: American Life, Confessions on a Dance Floor dan kasus adopsi

Penampilan Madonna dalam konser “Confessions Tour”.

Pada tahun 2003, Madonna merilis album kesembilannya berjudul American Life yang memuat tema politik dan kehidupan masyarakat Amerika.[73] Meskipun mencapai peringkat 1 di banyak negara, album ini hanya terjual sebanyak 4 juta keping dan menjadi album dengan penjualan terendah sepanjang karier Madonna.[74][75] Singel yang berjudul sama dengan album ini, “American Life” kembali mengundang kontoversi akibat videonya yang menggambarkan peperangan dan peledakan. Singel ini hanya menduduki peringkat 37 di tangga lagu Billboard Hot 100.[19] Pada tahun yang sama, Madonna tampil dalam perhelatan MTV Video Music Awards, menampilkan lagu “Hollywood” bersama Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera dan Missy Elliott. Pada saat penampilan tersebut, Madonna mencium bibir Britney dan Christina, yang mengakibatkan kehebohan di media masa.[76][77] Pasca penampilan tersebut, Madonna menyumbangkan suaranya pada singel Britney yang berjudul “Me Against the Music”.[78]

Pada tahun 2004, Madonna menggelar tur konsernya di Amerika Utara dan Eropa, bertajuk “Re-Invention World Tour”. Ini merupakan tur musik tersukses di tahun 2004 dengan keuntungan mencapai $125 juta.[79] Ia kemudian merilis dokumenter dari tur tersebut, I’m Going to Tell You a Secret. Pada tanggal 11 November 2004, Madonna dilantik ke dalam UK Music Hall of Fame atas kontribusinya yang fenomenal pada dunia musik Britania Raya. Pada tahun itu, majalah Rolling Stone juga menempatkan Madonna di posisi 36 dalam daftar “100 Greatest Artists of All Time”.[80]

Pasca bencana tsunami tahun 2004, Madonna berpartisipasi dalam konser “Tsunami Aid” yang digelar untuk mengumpulkan dana bagi korban tsunami di Asia.[81] Pada bulan November 2005, Madonna meluncurkan album kesepuluhnya, Confessions on a Dance Floor.[82] Album ini mendapat resensi positif dari para kritikus dan mengembalikan Madonna ke puncak kesuksesan.[83] Singel pertama dari album ini, “Hung Up”, berhasil memecahkan rekor dengan menduduki peringkat satu di 45 negara.[84] Singel keduanya, “Sorry”, juga berhasil menjadi singel nomor satu ke-12 Madonna di Britania Raya.[85][86]

Pada bulan Mei 2006, Madonna memulai tur konser bertajuk “Confessions Tour”. Turnya kali ini meraih kesuksesan besar, dengan jumlah penonton sebanyak 1,2 juta orang dan total keuntungan mencapai $260,1 juta.[87] Penggunaan simbol-simbol keagamaan pada saat penampilannya di lagu “Live to Tell” menyebabkan Gereja Ortodoks Rusia dan Federasi Komunitas Yahudi Rusia mendesak anggotanya untuk memboikot konser Madonna.[88] Pihak Vatikan dan para uskup dari Düsseldorf juga turut serta mengecam konsernya tersebut.[89][90]

Dalam rangkaian turnya, Madonna terbang ke Malawi untuk membantu dan mendanai sebuah panti asuhan sebagai bagian dari program Raising Malawi.[91] Pada 10 Oktober 2006, ia mengadopsi seorang anak laki-laki bernama David Banda Mwale dari panti asuhan tersebut. Madonna mengganti nama anak tersebut menjadi David Banda Mwale Ciccone Ritchie.[92][93] Pengadopsian tersebut mendapat reaksi keras dari publik karena hukum Malawi mengatakan bahwa orang tua pengadopsi harus tinggal di negara tersebut selama satu tahun sebelum mengadopsi anak Malawi.[94] Pada acara The Oprah Winfrey Show, Madonna membantah tuduhan tersebut. Ia menyatakan bahwa tidak ada hukum tertulis di Malawi yang mengatur adopsi oleh pihak asing dan bahwa Banda telah menderita radang paru-paru setelah bertahan dari malaria dan tuberkulosis ketika ia bertemu dengan anak itu.[95][96] Kasus ini adopsi yang rumit ini akhirnya selesai pada 28 Mei 2008.[97]

[sunting] 2007–sekarang: Hard Candy dan Celebration

Madonna pada tur konser terlarisnya, “Sticky & Sweet Tour”, tahun 2008.

Pada tahun 2007, Madonna merilis sebuah lagu “Hey You” dalam rangka seri konser Live Earth.[98] Lagu ini dapat diunduh di internet secara gratis di minggu pertamanya. Madonna kemudian mengumumkan keluarnya ia dari Warner Bros. dan menandatangani kontrak senilai $120 selama 10 tahun dengan Live Nation, sebuah divisi musik yang turut ia dirikan.[99] Pada tanggal 10 Maret 2008, Madonna dilantik ke dalam Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.[100] Pada tahun ini, Madonna menulis dan memproduseri I Am Because We Are, sebuah film dokumenter tentang permasalahan hidup yang dihadapi masyarakat Malawi.[101] Madonna juga mensutradarai film pertamanya, Filth and Wisdom.[102]

Pada bulan April 2008, Madonna merilis album studio kesebelasnya, Hard Candy, yang langsung duduk di peringkat satu UK Albums Chart, Billboard 200 dan berbagai negara di dunia.[103][104] Singel pertama dari album ini, “4 Minutes”, yang dibawakan duet dengan Justin Timberlake, berhasil menjadikan Madonna artis wanita tersukses di Britania Raya dengan 13 singel nomor-satu.[105] Dengan singel ini, Madonna juga berhasil mengalahkan Elvis Presley untuk jumlah Top 10 hits terbanyak di Amerika Serikat.[106] Untuk menyukseskan album ini, Madonna menggelar rangkaian konser bertajuk Sticky & Sweet Tour, yang berhasil menjadi tur artis solo tersukses dalam sejarah musik dunia, dengan keuntungan mencapai $280 juta.[107][108]

Pada bulan Desember 2008, Madonna resmi bercerai dengan suami keduanya, Guy Ritchie.[109] Tak lama kemudian, ia mulai menjalin hubungan dengan Jesus Luz, seorang model asal Brasil, yang lebih muda 30 tahun darinya. Madonna kembali mengadopsi seorang anak Malawi, Chifundo “Mercy” James.[110] Meskipun awalnya kembali mendapat tentangan, pada tanggal 12 Juni 2009, Pengadilan Tinggi Malawi mengabulkan permohonan Madonna untuk mengadopsi anak tersebut.[111]

Pada tahun 2009, Madonna merilis kompilasi terbaik ketiganya, Celebration. Album ini memuat lagu-lagu hits sepanjang 3 dekade perjalanan karier Madonna, termasuk singel baru berjudul “Celebration”.[112]

Madonna membawakan lagu “Like a Prayer” pada konser Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief tanggal 22 Januari 2010.[113] Ia mengumumkan dirilisnya album live ketiganya, Sticky & Sweet Tour, pada 30 Maret 2010.[114]

[sunting] Warisan dan pengaruh

Menurut Rolling Stone, Madonna merupakan salah satu figur musik pop terbesar sepanjang masa.[115] Ia dinobatkan sebagai “Ratu Pop” oleh media dan publik atas kariernya yang terus melejit hingga beberapa generasi.[116] Pada tahun 2008, melalui daftar The Billboard Hot 100 All-Time Top Artist, majalah Billboard mengumumkan Madonna sebagai artis solo tersukses dalam sejarah tangga lagu Amerika.[117] Ia hanya dikalahkan oleh grup legendaris asal Britania Raya The Beatles.[117] Madonna juga memegang rekor sebagai artis wanita dengan album dan singel nomor-satu terbanyak sepanjang sejarah musik Britania Raya.[118] Nama Madonna juga termasuk ke dalam buku 100 Most Important Women of the 20th Century (“Seratus Wanita Paling Penting di Abad 20“), yang diterbitkan Ladies’ Home Journal di tahun 1998.[119] Pada bulan Juli 2003, VH1 dan majalah People menempatkan Madonna di nomor tujuh dalam daftar “200 Ikon Kebudayaan Pop Terbesar Sepanjang Masa.”[120] Madonna juga dilantik ke dalam Rock and Roll Hall of Fame pada tahun 2008.[121]

Penampilan Madonna saat “Sticky & Sweet Tour” yang merupakan tur konser tersukses tersukses sepanjang masa oleh seorang penyanyi solo.

Sepanjang tiga dekade perjalanan kariernya, Madonna telah sering mengubah citra dirinya, baik penampilan maupun musiknya. Biografer Fouz-Hernández menjelaskan bahwa pergantian citra tersebut merupakan kunci prestasi Madonna dalam kebudayaan pop.[122] Madonna mengubah citranya dengan secara kostan bekerja sama dengan artis dan produser berbakat yang belum dikenal, sehingga kemudian menjadi pusat perhatian media. Dengan melakukan hal yang demikian, Madonna telah menjadi contoh banyak kalangan bagaimana untuk mempertahankan karier seseorang di industri hiburan.[123] Madonna menggambarkan dirinya sebagai seseorang yang terus-menerus berganti citra dan pesonanya dari waktu ke waktu. Ian Youngs dari BBC News berkomentar, “Kemampuannya dalam mengikuti tren terbaru dan mengadaptasikan gayanya telah sering disebut-sebut sebagai pemelihara daya tariknya.”[124] Cara Madonna dalam menggunakan unsur seks telah berdampak besar pada kariernya dan memiliki pengaruh yang kuat pada perbincangan publik mengenai seksualitas dan feminisme.[122] The Times menjelaskan: “Madonna, apakah kamu suka atau tidak, telah memulai sebuah revolusi besar bagi wanita dalam dunia musik.”[125] Shmuel Boteach, penulis buku Hating women (2005), merasa bahwa Madonna bertanggung jawab besar dalam menghapus garis antara musik dan pornografi. Ia menambahkan: “Sebelum Madonna, barangkali perempuan lebih memopulerkan suaranya untuk menjadi seorang superstar. Tapi di dunia setelah kemunculan Madonna, bahkan penyanyi yang sangat orisinil seperti Janet Jackson sekarang merasa terpaksa untuk mengekspos tubuhnya di televisi nasional untuk menjual album-albumnya.”[126]

Sejak kemunculannya, Madonna telah menanamkan pengaruh yang besar dalam musik kontemporer dunia. Penulis Mary Cross dalam buku biografi Madonna yang ditulisnya mencatat, “Pengaruh [Madonna] pada musik pop tidak terbantahkan dan menjangkau luas. Ikon baru musik pop mulai dari Nelly Furtado dan Shakira hingga Gwen Stefani dan Christina Aguilera (belum lagi Britney Spears) berhutang budi pada Madonna atas konsep yang ia cetuskan, seperti menggabungkan keseksian yang provokatif serta kekuatan perempuan ke dalam citra, musik, dan lirik-lirik lagunya.[127] Biografer Fouz-Hernández menambahkan, “Penyanyi-penyanyi perempuan seperti Britney Spears, Spice Girls, Destiny’s Child, Jennifer Lopez, Kylie Minogue dan Pink seumpama putri-putri Madonna dalam pengertian bahwa mereka semua tumbuh besar dengan mendengarkan dan mengagumi Madonna, lalu kemudian memutuskan untuk meniru gayanya.[123] Di Indonesia, terdapat penyanyi Agnes Monica yang mengakui Madonna sebagai inspirasinya.[128] Madonna juga diakui atas keberhasilannya memperkenalkan musik dansa elektronik Eropa ke dalam kebudayaan pop Amerika, serta membawa nama-nama produser Eropa seperti Stuart Price dan Mirwais Ahmadzaï menuju popularitas.[123]

Madonna juga telah menerima pengakuan sebagai percontohan bagi para wanita bisnis di seluruh dunia. Madonna memiliki semacam kontrol finansial yang telah lama dicari oleh para wanita dalam industri.[129] Ia menghasilkan lebih dari 1,2 miliar dollar hanya dalam rentang satu dekade kariernya.[129] Madonna juga berhasil mendirikan perusahaan rekaman Maverick Records dan membawanya menuju kesuksesan.[130] Guinness Book of World Records menobatkan Madonna sebagai penyanyi wanita dengan penghasilan tertinggi di dunia, setelah memecahkan rekor penghasilan sebesar 26.6 juta poundsterling di tahun 2004 saja.[131] Akademis dari London Business School mengakui bahwa Madonna adalah seorang “pengusaha dinamis.”[132]

[sunting] Diskografi

!Artikel utama untuk bagian ini adalah: Diskografi album Madonna dan Diskografi singel Madonna

[sunting] Karya-karya lain

[sunting] Lihat pula

Sumber dari : http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna



{December 4, 2011}  

Lady Gaga

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Lady Gaga
Portrait of Lady Gaga
Lady Gaga at the 2010 Consumer Electronics Show
Background information
Birth name Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta
Born March 28, 1986 (1986-03-28) (age 25)
New York, New York, United States
Genres Pop, dance
Occupations Singer-songwriter, performance artist,[1] record producer, dancer, businesswoman, activist[2]
Instruments Vocals, piano, keyboards
Years active 2005–present
Labels Def Jam, Cherrytree, Streamline, Kon Live, Interscope
Website www.ladygaga.com

Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta (/ˈstɛfən ʌrməˈnɑːtə/; born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name Lady Gaga, is an American singer and songwriter. Born and raised in New York City, she primarily studied at the Convent of the Sacred Heart and briefly attended New York University‘s Tisch School of the Arts before withdrawing to focus on her musical career. She began performing in the rock music scene of Manhattan‘s Lower East Side, and by the end of 2007, was signed with Streamline Records. Employed as a songwriter for the record company, her vocal abilities captured the attention of recording artist Akon, who signed her to his label Kon Live Distribution.

Lady Gaga came to prominence as a recording artist following the release of her debut album The Fame (2008), which was a critical and commercial success that topped charts around the world and included the international number-one singles “Just Dance” and “Poker Face“. After embarking on the Fame Ball Tour, she followed the album with The Fame Monster (2009), which spawned the worldwide hit singles “Bad Romance“, “Telephone” and “Alejandro” and allowed her to embark on the eighteen-month long Monster Ball Tour, which later became one of the highest-grossing concert tours of all time. Her most recent album Born This Way (2011) topped the charts of most major markets and generated more international chart-topping singles that include “Born This Way“, “Judas” and “The Edge of Glory“. Aside her musical career, she involves herself with humanitarian causes and LGBT activism.

Influenced by such acts as David Bowie, Michael Jackson, Madonna and Queen, Lady Gaga is well recognized for her flamboyant, diverse and outré contributions to the music industry through fashion, performance and music videos. She has sold an estimated 23 million albums and 64 million singles worldwide,[3] making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time. Her achievements include four Guinness World Records, five Grammy Awards and thirteen MTV Video Music Awards. Lady Gaga has consecutively appeared on Billboard magazine’s Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010),[4] is regularly placed on lists composed by Forbes magazine,[5] and was named one of the most influential people in the world by Time magazine.

Contents

[hide]

Biography

1986–04: Early life

Lady Gaga was born Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta on March 28, 1986, in New York City.[6] Brought up in the family home in Manhattan’s Upper West Side,[7] Lady Gaga is of Italian[8] and more distant French-Canadian descent,[9] and is the daughter of Cynthia (née Bissett) and Joseph Germanotta, an internet entrepreneur.[10] The elder of two children, Lady Gaga has one sister, Natali, who was born in 1992.[11] Lady Gaga has stressed that – despite her seemingly affluent upbringing – she did not come from a wealthy background, stating that her parents “both came from lower-class families, so we’ve worked for everything—my mother worked eight to eight out of the house, in telecommunications, and so did my father.”[12]

From the age of 11, Lady Gaga – who was raised Roman Catholic[13] – attended the Convent of the Sacred Heart, a private all-girls Roman Catholic school on Manhattan’s Upper East Side.[14][15] She described her academic life in high school as “very dedicated, very studious, very disciplined” but also “a bit insecure” as she told in an interview, “I used to get made fun of for being either too provocative or too eccentric, so I started to tone it down. I didn’t fit in, and I felt like a freak.”[16][17] Acquaintances dispute that she did not fit in at school. “She had a core group of friends; she was a good student. She liked boys a lot, but singing was No. 1,” recalled a former high school classmate.[18]

A keen musician, left-handed Lady Gaga began playing the piano at the age of 4, went on to write her first piano ballad at 13, and started to perform at open mike nights by the age of 14.[19][20] Her passion for musical theatre brought her lead roles in high school productions, including Adelaide in Guys and Dolls and Philia in A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum.[21] She also appeared in a very small role as a mischievous classmate in the television drama series The Sopranos in a 2001 episode titled “The Telltale Moozadell[22] in addition to unsuccessfully auditioning for parts in New York shows.[7] When her time at the Convent of the Sacred Heart came to an end, her mother encouraged her to apply for the Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21), a musical theatre training conservatory at New York University‘s Tisch School of the Arts.[7] After gaining early admission at 17, she eventually lived in an NYU dorm on 11th Street.

Being part of such a prestigious performance course, she sharpened her songwriting skills while composing essays and analytical papers on art, religion, social issues and politics[20][23] including a thesis on pop artists Spencer Tunick and Damien Hirst; such research prepared her for her future career focus in “music, art, sex and celebrity.”[24] Lady Gaga also tried out for and won auditions while at CAP21,[7] including the part of an unsuspecting diner customer where MTV’s Boiling Points – a prank reality television show – was being filmed.[25] Notwithstanding these achievements, Lady Gaga felt that she was more creative than some of her classmates. “Once you learn how to think about art, you can teach yourself,” she said. By the second semester of her sophomore year, she withdrew from the school to focus on her musical career.[26] Her father agreed to pay her rent for a year, on the condition that she re-enroll at Tisch if unsuccessful. “I left my entire family, got the cheapest apartment I could find, and ate shit until somebody would listen,” she remembers.[21]

2005–07: Career beginnings

Lady Gaga (right) performing with Lady Starlight (left) at Lollapalooza 2007

Settled in a small apartment on Rivington Street towards the summer of 2005,[7] Lady Gaga recorded a couple of songs with hip-hop singer Grandmaster Melle Mel, for an audio book accompanying the children’s book The Portal in the Park, by Cricket Casey.[27] She also began a band called the Stefani Germanotta Band (SGBand) with some friends from NYU – guitarist Calvin Pia, bassist Eli Silverman and drummer Alex Beckham – in September of that year.[7] The band played a mixture of songs: some self-penned alongside classic rock numbers like Led Zeppelin‘s “D’yer Mak’er“.[7] Playing in bars like the Greenwich Village‘s The Bitter End and the Lower East Side’s the Mercury Lounge, the band developed a small fan base and caught the eye of music producer Joe Vulpis.[7] Soon after arranging time in Vulpis’ studio in the months that followed, SGBand were selling their extended plays Words and Red and Blue at gigs around New York while becoming a local fixture of the downtown Lower East Side club scene.[21]

SGBand reached their career peak at the 2006 Songwriters Hall of Fame New Songwriters Showcase at The Cutting Room in June where Wendy Starland, a singer and model, appeared as a talent scout for music producer Rob Fusari. Starland informed Fusari – who was searching for a female singer to front a new band – of Lady Gaga’s ability and contacted her. With SGBand disbanded, Lady Gaga traveled daily to New Jersey to work on songs she had written and compose new material with the music producer.[7] While in collaboration, Fusari compared some of her vocal harmonies to those of Freddie Mercury, lead singer of Queen.[28] It was Fusari who helped create the moniker Gaga after the Queen song “Radio Ga Ga“. Lady Gaga was in the process of trying to come up with a stage name when she received a text message from Fusari that read “Lady Gaga.”[29] He explained, “Every day, when Stef came to the studio, instead of saying hello, I would start singing ‘Radio Ga Ga’. That was her entrance song” and that the text message was the result of a predictive text glitch that changed “radio” to “lady”. She texted back, “That’s it,”[30] and declared, “Don’t ever call me Stefani again.”[29] The New York Post, however, has reported that this story is incorrect, and that the name resulted from a marketing meeting.[18]

Full right profile of a young blond woman, surrounded by sitting spectators in a pub. She wears a black leotard and her long hair falls around her side. With her right hand she holds a pair of video sunglasses to her eyes.

Lady Gaga performing in a bar, sporting one of her earlier looks (2008)

Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Lady Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced electropop tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.[7] Joshua Sarubin, the head of A&R at Def Jam Recordings, responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her “unusual and provocative” performance. After having his boss Antonio “L.A.” Reid in agreement, Lady Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.[7] However, she was dropped by the label after only three months.[31] Devastated, Lady Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side. She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging neo-burlesque shows, go-go dancing at bars dressed in little more than a bikini[7] in addition to experimenting with drugs.[14] Her father, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.[30][14] “I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to Black Sabbath and singing songs about oral sex. The kids would scream and cheer and then we’d all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself.”[24] It was then when she became romantically involved with a heavy metal drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film Grease: “I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke.” He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.[32]

During this time, she met performance artist Lady Starlight, who helped mold her on-stage persona.[33] Starlight explained that, upon their first meeting, Lady Gaga wanted to perform with her to songs she had recorded with Fusari. Like SGBand, the pair soon began performing at many of the downtown club venues like the Mercury Lounge, The Bitter End, and the Rockwood Music Hall. Their live performance art piece was known as “Lady Gaga and the Starlight Revue”[34][35] and, billed as “The Ultimate Pop Burlesque Rockshow”, was a low-fi tribute to 1970s variety acts.[36][37] Soon after, the two were invited to play at the 2007 Lollapalooza music festival in August that year.[38] The show was critically acclaimed, and their performance received positive reviews.[34][20] Having initially focused on avant-garde electronic dance music, Lady Gaga had found her musical niche when she began to incorporate pop melodies and the glam rock of David Bowie and Queen into her music.[39]

While Lady Gaga and Lady Starlight were busy performing, producer Rob Fusari continued to work on the songs he had created with Lady Gaga. Fusari sent these songs to his friend, producer and record executive Vincent Herbert.[40] Herbert was quick to sign her to his label Streamline Records, an imprint of Interscope Records, upon its establishment in 2007.[41] Lady Gaga later credited Herbert as the man who discovered her, adding “I really feel like we made pop history, and we’re gonna keep going.”[40] Having already served as an apprentice songwriter under an internship at Famous Music Publishing, which was later acquired by Sony/ATV Music Publishing, Lady Gaga subsequently struck a music publishing deal with Sony/ATV.[42] As a result, she was hired to write songs for Britney Spears and labelmates New Kids on the Block, Fergie, and the Pussycat Dolls.[42] While Lady Gaga was writing at Interscope, singer-songwriter Akon recognized her vocal abilities when she sang a reference vocal for one of his tracks in studio.[43] He then convinced Interscope-Geffen-A&M Chairman and CEO Jimmy Iovine to form a joint deal by having her also sign with his own label Kon Live Distribution,[31] making her his “franchise player.”[44] As 2007 came to a close, her former management company introduced her to songwriter and producer RedOne, whom they also managed.[45] The first song she produced with RedOne was “Boys Boys Boys”,[45] a mash-up inspired by Mötley Crüe‘s “Girls, Girls, Girls” and AC/DC‘s “T.N.T.“.[30] Lady Gaga continued her collaboration with RedOne in the recording studio for a week on her debut album;[42] making the chart-topping singles “Just Dance“, “Poker Face” and “LoveGame” together. Lady Gaga also joined the roster of Cherrytree Records, an Interscope imprint established by producer and songwriter Martin Kierszenbaum, after co-writing four songs with Kierszenbaum including the singles “Christmas Tree” and “Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)“.[42] Despite her secure record deal, she admitted that there was fear about her being too “racy”, “dance-orientated” and “underground” for the mainstream market. She responded, “My name is Lady Gaga, I’ve been on the music scene for years, and I’m telling you, this is what’s next.”[15]

2008–10: The Fame and The Fame Monster

Lady Gaga performing at The Fame Ball Tour in 2009

By 2008, Lady Gaga had relocated to Los Angeles, where she worked extensively with her record label to complete her debut album[30] in addition to setting up her own creative team – modeled on Andy Warhol‘s FactoryHaus of Gaga.[46] Intensive work continued on the album, combining genres “from Def Leppard drums and hand claps to metal drums on urban tracks[31] while drawing inspiration from 1980s synthpop and incorporating dance music with clear hooks. The Fame, described as an exploration of her obsession with fame and the intricacies of a rich and famous lifestyle, was first released on August 19, 2008, preceded by lead single “Just Dance” four months earlier. Due to radio play being slow, Lady Gaga supported the releases by performing in the backwaters of Malta and Vietnam in addition to small gay clubs around the United States.[47] She was also billed as a supporting artist on the North American leg of New Kids on the Block‘s reunion concert tour.[48]

A sleeper hit, “Just Dance” hit the summit of the charts in six countries – Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the United States – in January 2009. The Grammy Award-nominated song[49] provoked the instant success of The Fame. Receiving positive reviews from contemporary critics whom commended Lady Gaga’s ability to discover a melodious hook and compared her vocal abilities to those of Gwen Stefani, the album went to number-one in countries like the United Kingdom, Canada, Austria, Germany, Switzerland and Ireland while appearing in the top-five in Australia, the United States and fifteen other countries.[50][51] On Billboards Dance/Electronic Albums chart, it stayed at the top spot 106 non-consecutive weeks. Since its release, The Fame has sold over 12 million copies worldwide.[52] Lady Gaga achieved an even greater unexpected success when “Poker Face“, another sleeper hit, reached number-one in almost all major music markets in the world including the United Kingdom and the United States in early 2009.[53] The follow-up single won the award for Best Dance Recording at the 52nd Grammy Awards over nominations for Song of the Year and Record of the Year, while The Fame was nominated for Album of the Year and won the Grammy Award for Best Dance/Electronica Album.[54] Lady Gaga was the recipient of many other honors in 2009 including the accumulation of 3 of 9 MTV Video Music Awards nominations – she won Best New Artist while the video for her single “Paparazzi” gained the awards for Best Art Direction and Best Special Effects[55] – and Billboard magazine’s Rising Star award.[56] In addition to being an opening act on the Pussycat Dolls’ Doll Domination Tour during the first half of 2009 on their legs in Europe and Oceania,[57] she also embarked on her own six-month critically appreciated worldwide concert tour The Fame Ball Tour which ran from March to September 2009.[58]

While she traveled the world on tour, she wrote The Fame Monster, a collection of eight songs, which was released in November 2009. Each song, dealing with the darker side of fame from personal experience, is expressed through a monster metaphor. Its first single “Bad Romance” topped the charts in eighteen countries, while reaching the top-two in the United States, Australia and New Zealand.[59][60] It made Gaga the first artist in digital history to have three singles (along with “Just Dance” and “Poker Face”) to pass the four million mark in digital sales[61][62] and accrued the Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance while its accompanying music video won the Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video at the 53rd Grammy Awards[63] The album’s second single “Telephone“, which features singer Beyoncé, was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals and became Lady Gaga’s fourth UK number-one single[64] while its accompanying music video, although controversial, received a more positive reception from contemporary critics: praising her for “the musicality and showmanship of Michael Jackson and the powerful sexuality and provocative instincts of Madonna.”[65] Her following single “Alejandro” paired Gaga with fashion photographer Steven Klein for a music video similarly as controversial – critics complimented its ideas and dark nature[66] but the Catholic League attacked Gaga for her alleged use of blasphemy.[67] Despite the controversy surrounding her music videos, they made Lady Gaga the first artist to gain over one billion viral views on video-sharing website YouTube.[68] Musically, The Fame Monster has also received abundant success. Equating to the amount of Grammy nominations her debut received, The Fame Monster garnered a total of six nominations; the album won for Best Pop Vocal Album and earned her a second-consecutive nomination for Album of the Year at the 53rd annual awards ceremony.[69][70]

 Profile of a young blond woman. Her hair falls in waves up to her shoulders. She wears a purple leotard with visible sequins attached. Ample bosom, arm and leg are visible.

Lady Gaga performing at The Monster Ball Tour in 2010

The success of the album allowed Lady Gaga to start her second worldwide concert tour, The Monster Ball Tour, just weeks after the release of The Fame Monster and months after having finished The Fame Ball Tour.[71] Upon finishing in May 2011, the critically acclaimed[72][73] and commercially accomplished[74] tour ran for over one and a half years and, according to Billboard, grossed $227.4 million, making it one of the highest-grossing concert tours of all time and the highest-grossing for a debut headlining artist.[75] Lady Gaga also performed songs from the album at international events such as the 2009 Royal Variety Performance where she sang “Speechless“, a power ballad, in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II;[76] the 52nd Grammy Awards where her opening performance consisted of the song “Poker Face” and a piano duet of “Speechless” in a medley of “Your Song” with Elton John;[77] and the 2010 BRIT Awards where a performance of an acoustic rendition of “Telephone” followed by “Dance in the Dark” dedicated to the late fashion designer and close friend, Alexander McQueen,[78] supplemented her hat-trick win at the awards ceremony.[79] Other performances may have included her participation in Michael Jackson‘s This Is It concert series at London’s O2 Arena. “I was actually asked to open for Michael on his tour,” she stated. “We were going to open for him at the O2 and we were working on making it happen. I believe there was some talk about us, lots of the openers, doing duets with Michael on stage.”[80] A realized collaboration with Polaroid started in January 2010. Excited about combining the company with the digital era, Lady Gaga was named Chief Creative Officer for a line of imaging products for the international optic company with the intent of creating fashion, technology and photography products.[81]

Despite a successful debut, Mermaid Music LLC – her production team – was sued in March of 2010 by past producer Rob Fusari who claimed that he was entitled to a 20% share of its earnings. Lady Gaga’s lawyer, Charles Ortner, described the agreement with Fusari as “unlawful” and declined to comment.[82] Five months later, the New York Supreme Court dismissed both the lawsuit and a countersuit by Lady Gaga.[83] In addition to such strife, Lady Gaga has been tested borderline positive for lupus, but claims not to be affected by the symptoms. The revelations caused considerable dismay amongst her fans, leading to Lady Gaga addressing the matter in an interview with Larry King, saying she hopes to avoid symptoms by maintaining a healthy lifestyle.[84][85]

2011–present: Born This Way

Lady Gaga performing on the 2011 Good Morning America Summer Concert Series

Lady Gaga’s second studio album and third major release Born This Way was released on May 23, 2011. Described as “a marriage of electronic music with major […] metal or rock ‘n’ roll, pop, anthemic style melodies with really sledge-hammering dance beats” and referred to as an album “about what what keeps us up at night and what makes us afraid”,[86] she stated. Lady Gaga characterized her new music as “something so much deeper than a wig or lipstick or a fucking meat dress” and upon hearing it, Akon remarked that she is taking music to the “next level”.[87] Its arrival followed the release of its eponymous lead single “Born This Way” on February 11, 2011,[88] which was performed live for the first time at the 53rd Grammy Awards two days after its release. The song, dealing with self-acceptance regardless of race or sexual orientation,[89] debuted atop the Billboard Hot 100, becoming the 19th number-one debut and the 1,000th number-one single in the history of the charts,[90] while selling more than 3 million digital copies in the United States by October 2011, becoming her eighth consecutive single to exceed the sales of two million.[91][92] A music video was released for the song, showing Lady Gaga giving birth to a new race amidst surrealistic images; critics noted artistic and cultural references[93] and praised its concept.[94] Lady Gaga lent her vocals elsewhere, pairing with Elton John to record an original duet for the animated feature film Gnomeo & Juliet. The song, titled “Hello, Hello”, was released on February 11, 2011, without Lady Gaga’s vocals. The duet version was only featured in the film.[95][96] In February, Lady Gaga’s concerts of her then-ongoing tour at Madison Square Garden in New York City, were filmed for an HBO special aired in May. The special was nominated for five Emmy Awards.[97]

Two other singles, “Judas[98] and “The Edge of Glory“,[99][100][101] as well as a promotional single, “Hair“,[102] were eventually released before the album. The music video for “Judas”, in which Gaga portrays Mary Magdalene, and Biblical figures such as Jesus Christ and Judas Iscariot are also featured, was criticized for its religious references;[103] the video, nonetheless, received acclaim for its overall delivery and praise from others who claimed that there was nothing offensive about it.[104][105] “Judas” additionally peaked within the top ten in several major musical markets. “The Edge of Glory” was intended as a promotional single; nevertheless, due to commercial success in digital outlets,[106] the song was released as a single to critical appreciation, accompanied by a music video. Gaga also undertook a job as a fashion columnist for V, where she wrote about her creative process, her studying of the world of pop culture, and her ability to tune into the evolution of pop-culture meme.[107] Upon release, Born This Way sold 1.108 million copies in its first week in the United States, debuting atop the Billboard 200, and topping the charts in more than 20 other countries.[108] The album received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised its range of different styles as well as her vocals.[109][110] Later, Lady Gaga went to Sydney to promote Born This Way with a one-of-a-kind concert at the Sydney Town Hall on July 13, 2011.[111][112]

She continued her musical endeavors, releasing “You and I” as the fourth single from Born This Way alongside an accompanying video, as well as recording songs with veteran artists like Cher and Tony Bennett.[113] The song recorded with Bennett is a jazz version of “The Lady Is a Tramp“,[114] while Lady Gaga described her duet with Cher as a “massive” and “beautiful” track, which she “wrote a long time ago, and I’ve never put it on one of my own albums for, really, no particular reason.”[115] On August 28, at the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, Lady Gaga won two awards out of four nominations,[116] and attended the event dressed as Jo Calderone, her male alter-ego.[117] For the 2012 edition of the Guinness World Records, Lady Gaga was listed for Most Followers on Twitter, with over 13 million followers, and “Poker Face” was listed for Most Weeks on US Digital Hot Songs, with 83 weeks.[118] Lady Gaga continued her live appearances, and performed at the celebration of former US president Bill Clinton‘s 65th Birthday alongside Bono, Stevie Wonder and Usher, among others.[119] She wore a blond wig as a nod to the famous performance of Marilyn Monroe for John F. Kennedy and changed the lyrics to her song “You and I” specifically for the performance.[119] Later on, Lady Gaga won four awards out of six nominations in the main categories at the 2011 MTV Europe Music Awards in November, for Best Female, Biggest Fans, Best Song and Best Video; the latter two with “Born This Way”.[120][121][122] On November 14, 2011, Lady Gaga and her choreographer and creative director Laurieann Gibson parted ways, after working together for four years.[123] Gibson’s assistant Richard Jackson replaced her as Lady Gaga’s choreographer.[123]

Artistry

Influences

Lady Gaga’s parents exposed her to artists like The Beatles, Stevie Wonder, Bruce Springsteen, Pink Floyd, Led Zeppelin and Elton John[124], which had significant influence on her childhood and, presently, still do. “I am a real family girl. When it comes to love and loyalty, I am very old-fashioned. And I am quite down-to-earth for such an eccentric person,”[125] she insists. “I’m quite traditional in the family sense. I’ve always been that way.”[124] According to Lady Gaga, Joanne Germanotta – her aunt who tragically died of lupus aged 19 – lives on through her and inspires all of her music and art.[126] Joanne’s date of death is tattooed on Gaga’s body and, despite dying 12 years before her birth, Gaga commented, “I really believe I have two hearts. I think I actually carry two souls in my body, and that I’m living out the rest of her life and her goodness – she died a virgin, she died never having experienced all these things that we all get to love and experience in our lives.”[127] Another spiritual influence on Lady Gaga has been the Indian physician, public speaker and writer Deepak Chopra. Labeling his books and message a “true inspiration”, she stated that “he’s always reminded me to work in a life of service to my fans and to fulfill my vision and my destiny” in addition to thinking about Chopra when it comes to her work as a musician: “I want so much for it to go beyond the music for my fans.”[128]

A blond woman in a bob-cut, sitting cross-legged on a transparent platform full of bubbles and lit from inside in pink. The woman is wearing a dress made of transparent bubbles of varying sizes. She is holding a microphone in her left hand and appears to be smiling.

Lady Gaga performing in a plastic bubble dress (2009)

Musically, Gaga takes influence from numerous musicians from dance-pop singers like Madonna and Michael Jackson to glam rock artists like David Bowie and Queen[31][129] whilst employing the theatrics of artists like Andy Warhol[130] and of her musical theatre roots[131] in performance. The Queen song “Radio Ga Ga” inspired her stage name, “Lady Gaga”:[18][132] “I adored Freddie Mercury and Queen had a hit called ‘Radio Gaga’. That’s why I love the name […] Freddie was unique—one of the biggest personalities in the whole of pop music,” she commented.[129] Lady Gaga receives regular comparisons to recording artist Madonna. The 53-year-old singer admits that she sees herself reflected in Lady Gaga.[133] In response to the comparisons, Lady Gaga has stated, “I don’t want to sound presumptuous, but I’ve made it my goal to revolutionize pop music. The last revolution was launched by Madonna 25 years ago”[129] in addition to commenting that “there is really no one that is a more adoring and loving Madonna fan than me. I am the hugest fan personally and professionally.”[134] Like Madonna, Gaga has continued to reinvent herself and, over the few years her career has spanned, Lady Gaga has drawn musical inspiration from a diverse mix of musicians including Whitney Houston, Britney Spears, Grace Jones, Cyndi Lauper, Blondie singer Debbie Harry, Scissor Sisters, Prince, Marilyn Manson and Yoko Ono.[135]

Lady Gaga has identified fashion as a major influence[14][26] and has been stylistically compared to American recording artist Cher[136] and English eccentrics Leigh Bowery and Isabella Blow.[125] She has considered Donatella Versace her muse[14] and the late British fashion designer and close friend Alexander McQueen as an inspiration, admitting that “I miss Lee every time I get dressed” while channeling him in some of her work.[84] Modeled on Andy Warhol’s Factory, Lady Gaga has her own creative production team, which she handles personally, called the Haus of Gaga, who create many of her clothes, stage props, and hairdos.[137] Her adoration of fashion came from her mother, who she stated was “always very well kept and beautiful.”[10] “When I’m writing music, I’m thinking about the clothes I want to wear on stage. It’s all about everything altogether—performance art, pop performance art, fashion. For me, it’s everything coming together and being a real story that will bring back the super-fan. I want to bring that back. I want the imagery to be so strong that fans will want to eat and taste and lick every part of us.”[26] The Global Language Monitor named “Lady Gaga” as the Top Fashion Buzzword with her trademark “no pants” a close third.[138] Entertainment Weekly put her outfits on its end of the decade “best-of” list, saying, “Whether it’s a dress made of Muppets or strategically placed bubbles, Lady Gaga’s outré ensembles brought performance art into the mainstream.”[139]

Musical and performance style

Lady Gaga’s musical and performance style has been the subject of much analysis and scrutiny of critics. She professes that she is “liberating” herself by constantly reinventing her image and sound, insisting that it is a practice she has been drawn to since her childhood.[140] Her career has been a continuous experimentation with new musical ideas and new images and a constant quest for new heights of fame and acclaim.

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A 30-second sample of Lady Gaga’s “Just Dance” featuring the chorus sung by Lady Gaga and Colby O’Donis in the range of B3 to C♯, backed by a synth marching beat. The song became her first international hit single.

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Vocally, Lady Gaga has drawn frequent comparison to the ranges of Madonna and Gwen Stefani. Possessing the range of a contralto,[141] Lady Gaga exhibits “overwhelming expression, instinctive vocal phrasing, ’80s rock reminiscent chest belts and animalistic vocal ticks”[142] while being able to move through 2.4 octaves.[142] Lady Gaga, who refuses to lip sync,[143] has manipulated her vocal style over the course of her career yet considers Born This Way (2011) “much more vocally up to par with what I’ve always been capable of.”[144] In summation of her voice, Entertainment Weekly wrote, “There’s an immense emotional intelligence behind the way she uses her voice. Almost never does she overwhelm a song with her vocal ability, recognizing instead that artistry is to be found in nuance rather than lung power.”[145]

Although her early lyrics have been criticized for lacking intellectual stimulation, “[she] does manage to get you moving and grooving at an almost effortless pace.”[146] She has commented that her songwriting has been misinterpreted, but her friend Perez Hilton perhaps articulated her message in a clearer way: “don’t take this the wrong way, but you write really deep intelligent lyrics with shallow concepts.” Lady Gaga opined, “Perez is very intelligent and clearly listened to my record from beginning to end, and he is correct.”[147] “I love songwriting. It’s so funny – I will just jam around in my underwear or I could be washing my dishes. I wrote several songs just at the piano,” she confesses.[147] Gaga believes that “all good music can be played at a piano and still sound like a hit.”[148] She has covered a wide variety of topics in her songs: while The Fame (2008) meditates on the lust for stardom, The Fame Monster (2009) expresses fame’s dark side through monster metaphors. Born This Way (2011) is sung in English, French, German and Spanish and includes common themes in Lady Gaga’s controversial songwriting like love, sex, religion, money, drugs, identity, liberation, sexuality, freedom and individualism.

Lady Gaga, well-recognized for her unconventionality, during a “blood soaked” performance (2010)

The structure of her music is said to echo classic 1980s pop and 1990s Europop.[149] Her debut album The Fame (2008) provoked The Sunday Times to assert “in combining music, fashion, art and technology, [Lady Gaga] evokes Madonna, Gwen Stefani circa ‘Hollaback Girl‘, Kylie Minogue 2001 or Grace Jones right now”[150] and a critic from The Boston Globe to comment that she draws “obvious inspirations from Madonna to Gwen Stefani… in [her] girlish but sturdy pipes and bubbly beats.”[151] Music critic Simon Reynolds wrote that “Everything about Gaga came from electroclash, except the music, which wasn’t particularly 1980s, just ruthlessly catchy naughties pop glazed with Auto-Tune and undergirded with R&B-ish beats.”[152] The follow-up The Fame Monster (2009), saw Gaga’s taste for pastiche, drawing on “Seventies arena glam, perky [ ABBA ] disco and sugary throwbacks like Stacey Q[153] while Born This Way (2011) also draws on the records of her childhood and still has the “electro-sleaze beats and Eurodisco chorus chants” of its predecessor but includes genres as diverse as opera, heavy metal, disco, and rock and roll. “There isn’t a subtle moment on the album, but even at its nuttiest, the music is full of wide-awake emotional details,” wrote Rolling Stone, who concluded: “The more excessive Gaga gets, the more honest she sounds.”[154]

Her performances are described as “highly entertaining and innovative”; in particular, the blood-spurting performance of “Paparazzi” at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards was described as “eye-popping” by MTV.[155] She continued the “blood soaked” theme in The Monster Ball Tour, in which she wore a revealing leather corset and is “attacked” by a performer dressed in black who gnaws on her throat, causing “blood” to spurt down her chest, after which she lies “dying” in a pool of blood. Her performances of that scene in Manchester, England, triggered protests from family groups and fans in the aftermath of a local tragedy, in which a taxi driver had murdered 12 people.[156] “What happened in Bradford is very fresh in people’s minds and given all the violence which happened in Cumbria just hours earlier, it was insensitive,” said Lynn Costello of Mothers Against Violence.[157] Her unconventionality continued at the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards when she performed in drag as her male alter ego, Jo Calderone, and delivered a lovesick monologue before a performance of her song “Yoü and I”.[158] Chris Rock has defended her flamboyant, provocative behavior. “Well, she’s Lady Gaga,” he said. “She’s not ‘Lady Behave Yourself.’ Do you want great behavior from a person named Gaga? Is this what you were expecting?”[159]

Public image

While Rolling Stone named Lady Gaga the “Queen of Pop” in 2011,[160] public reception of Lady Gaga’s music, fashion sense and persona are mixed. Her status as a role model, self-esteem booster for her fans, trailblazer and fashion icon who breaths new life into the industry is by turns affirmed and denied.[161][162][163][164][165] Lady Gaga’s albums have received mostly positive reviews[166] and critics have pointed out her unique place in pop music, the need for new movements in popular culture, the attention Lady Gaga brings to modern social issues, and the inherently subjective nature of her art.[167][168][169] In view of her influence on modern culture and her rise to global fame, sociologist Mathieu Deflem of the University of South Carolina has organized a course titled “Lady Gaga and the Sociology of the Fame” since the spring of 2011[170] with the objective of unravelling “some of the sociologically relevant dimensions of the fame of Lady Gaga”.[171][172]

Lady Gaga sporting an earlier look in 2008

Contrary to her outré style, the New York Post described her early look as like “a refugee from Jersey Shore” with “big black hair, heavy eye makeup and tight, revealing clothes.”[18] Lady Gaga is a natural brunette; she bleached her hair blonde because she was often mistaken for Amy Winehouse.[10] She has various tattoos on the left side of her body (her father has banned etchings on her right),[173] among them a peace symbol, which was inspired by John Lennon, who she stated was her hero,[132] and a curling German script on her left arm quoting the poet Rainer Maria Rilke, her favorite philosopher, commenting that his “philosophy of solitude” spoke to her.[174] Towards the end of 2008, comparisons were made between the fashions of Lady Gaga and recording artist Christina Aguilera that noted similarities in their styling, hair, and make-up.[14] Aguilera stated that she was “completely unaware of [Gaga]” and “didn’t know if it [was] a man or a woman.”[14] Lady Gaga released a statement in which she welcomed the comparisons due to the attention providing useful publicity, saying, “She’s such a huge star and if anything I should send her flowers, because a lot of people in America didn’t know who I was until that whole thing happened. It really put me on the map in a way.”[175][176]

A wax sculpture of Lady Gaga at Madame Tussauds London

When interviewed by Barbara Walters for her annual ABC News special 10 Most Fascinating People in 2009, Lady Gaga dismissed the claim that she is intersex as an urban legend. Responding to a question on this issue, she stated, “At first it was very strange and everyone sorta said, ‘That’s really quite a story!’ But in a sense, I portray myself in a very androgynous way, and I love androgyny.”[177] In addition to Aguilera’s statement, comparisons continued into 2010, when Aguilera released the music video of her single “Not Myself Tonight“. Critics noted similarities between the song and its accompanying music video with Lady Gaga’s video for “Bad Romance”.[178] There have also been similar comparisons made between Lady Gaga’s style and that of fashion icon Dale Bozzio from the band Missing Persons. Some have considered their respective images to be strikingly parallel although fans of Missing Persons note that Bozzio had pioneered the look more than thirty years earlier.[179] Nonetheless, Lady Gaga was named one of Vogue.com UK’s Best Dressed people of 2010[180] while her stylist, Dazed & Confused creative director Nicola Formichetti, won the Fashion Creator of the Year Award at the British Fashion Awards.[181]

Part of the reasoning for Lady Gaga’s Best Dressed achievement was her attire worn to the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards: a dress supplemented by boots, a purse and a hat – each fabricated from the flesh of a dead animal.[182] The dress, named Time magazine’s Fashion Statement of 2010[183] and more widely known as the “meat dress“, received divided opinions – evoking the attention of worldwide media but invoking the fury of animal rights organization PETA.[184] Lady Gaga denied any intention of causing disrespect to any person or organization and wished for the dress to be interpreted as a statement of human rights with focus upon those in the LGBT community.[185] In addition to this unconventionality, in a question posed about the necessary procedure to attach the prosthetics to give the appearance of recent horn-like ridges on her cheekbones, temples, and shoulders, Lady Gaga responded, “They’re not prosthetics, they’re my bones.” She also clarified that they were not the result of plastic surgery, believing such surgery to only be the modern byproduct of fame-induced insecurity to which she does not subscribe. The interviewer’s further probing brought Lady Gaga to the conclusion that they are an artistic representation of her inner inspirational light and part of the “performance piece” that is her musical persona: an inevitability of her becoming who she now is.[186] When Lady Gaga briefly met with US president Barack Obama at a Human Rights Campaign fundraiser, he described the interaction as “intimidating” as she was dressed in 16-inch heels making her undoubtedly the tallest woman in the room.[187]

Lady Gaga often refers to her fans as “Little Monsters” and in dedication, has had that inscription tattooed on “the arm that holds my mic.”[188] Her treatment of her “Little Monsters” has inspired criticism, due to the highly commercial nature of her music and image.[162] To some, this dichotomy contravenes the concept of outsider culture. Camille Paglia in her 2010 cover story “Lady Gaga and the death of sex” in The Sunday Times[189] asserts that Lady Gaga “is more an identity thief than an erotic taboo breaker, a mainstream manufactured product who claims to be singing for the freaks, the rebellious and the dispossessed when she is none of those.”[190] Writing for The Guardian, Kitty Empire opined that the dichotomy “…allows the viewer to have a ‘transgressive’ experience without being required to think. At [her performance’s] core, though, is the idea that Gaga is at one with the freaks and outcasts. The Monster Ball is where we can all be free. This is arrant nonsense, as the scads of people buying Gaga’s cunningly commercial music are not limited to the niche worlds of drag queens and hip night creatures from which she draws her inspiration. But Gaga seems sincere.”[191]

Philanthropy

Besides her career in music, Lady Gaga has also contributed to various charities and humanitarian works. Although declining an invitation to appear on the single “We Are the World 25” to benefit victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake,[192] she donated the proceeds of her January 24, 2010 concert at New York’s Radio City Music Hall to the country’s reconstruction relief fund. All profits from her official online store on that day were also donated. Lady Gaga announced that an estimated total of $500,000 was collected for the fund.[193] Hours after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami hit Japan on March 11, 2011, Gaga tweeted a message and a link to Japan Prayer Bracelets. All revenue from a bracelet she designed in conjunction with the company was donated to relief efforts.[194] As of March 29, 2011, the bracelets raised $1.5 million.[195] However, attorney Alyson Oliver filed a lawsuit against Lady Gaga in Detroit in June 2011, noting that the bracelet was subject to a sales tax and an extra $3.99 shipping charge was added to the price. She also believed that not all proceeds from the bracelets would go to the relief efforts, demanding a public accounting of the campaign and refunds for people who had bought the bracelet. Lady Gaga’s spokesperson called the lawsuit “meritless” and “misleading”.[196] On June 25, 2011 Lady Gaga performed at MTV Japan‘s charity show in Makuhari Messe, which benefited the Japanese Red Cross.[197]

Lady Gaga also contributes in the fight against HIV and AIDS with the focus upon educating young women about the risks of the disease. In collaboration with Cyndi Lauper, Lady Gaga joined forces with MAC Cosmetics to launch a line of lipstick under their supplementary cosmetic line, Viva Glam. Titled Viva Glam Gaga and Viva Glam Cyndi for each contributor respectively, all net proceeds of the lipstick line were donated to the cosmetic company’s campaign to prevent HIV and AIDS worldwide.[198] In a press release, Lady Gaga declared, “I don’t want Viva Glam to be just a lipstick you buy to help a cause. I want it to be a reminder when you go out at night to put a condom in your purse right next to your lipstick.”[199]

With the performance of the bilingual song “Americano” from her second studio album Born This Way (2011), Lady Gaga jumped into the debate surrounding SB 1070, Arizona’s immigration law. She premiered the tune for the first time on the Guadalajara, Mexico stop of her Monster Ball tour telling the local press that she could not “stand by many of the unjust immigration laws” in the United States.[200]

LGBT advocacy

A blond woman wearing a white shirt and black glasses speaking on a lectern carrying a 'National Equality March' poster. Behind her is a white stone balustrade of a building.

Lady Gaga delivers a speech at the 2009 National Equality March

Lady Gaga attributes much of her early success as a mainstream artist to her gay fans and is considered to be a gay icon.[201] Early in her career she had difficulty getting radio airplay, and stated, “The turning point for me was the gay community. I’ve got so many gay fans and they’re so loyal to me and they really lifted me up. They’ll always stand by me and I’ll always stand by them. It’s not an easy thing to create a fanbase.”[202] She thanked FlyLife, a Manhattan-based LGBT marketing company with whom her label Interscope works, in the liner notes of The Fame, saying, “I love you so much. You were the first heartbeat in this project, and your support and brilliance means the world to me. I will always fight for the gay community hand in hand with this incredible team.”[203] One of her first televised performances was in May 2008 at the NewNowNext Awards, an awards show aired by the LGBT television network Logo, where she sang her song “Just Dance”.[204] In June of the same year, she performed the song again at the San Francisco Pride event.[205]

After The Fame was released, she revealed that the song “Poker Face” was about her bisexuality. In an interview with Rolling Stone, she spoke about how her boyfriends tended to react to her bisexuality, saying “The fact that I’m into women, they’re all intimidated by it. It makes them uncomfortable. They’re like, ‘I don’t need to have a threesome. I’m happy with just you’.”[32] When she appeared as a guest on The Ellen DeGeneres Show in May 2009, she praised DeGeneres for being “an inspiration for women and for the gay community”.[206] She proclaimed that the October 11, 2009 National Equality March rally on the National Mall was “the single most important event of her career.” As she exited, she left with an exultant “Bless God and bless the gays,”[207] similar to her 2009 MTV Video Music Awards acceptance speech for Best New Artist a month earlier.[208] At the Human Rights Campaign Dinner, held the same weekend as the rally, she performed a cover of John Lennon‘s “Imagine” declaring that “I’m not going to [play] one of my songs tonight because tonight is not about me, it’s about you.” She changed the original lyrics of the song to reflect the death of Matthew Shepard, a college student murdered because of his sexuality.[209]

Lady Gaga addresses the crowd at SLDN‘s “Don’t ask, don’t tell” rally in 2010

Lady Gaga attended the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards accompanied by four service members of the United States Armed Forces (Mike Almy, David Hall, Katie Miller and Stacy Vasquez), all of whom, under the United States military’s “Don’t ask, don’t tell” (DADT) policy, had been prohibited from serving openly because of their sexuality.[210] In addition, Lady Gaga wore a dress fabricated from the flesh of a dead animal to the awards ceremony.[182] Lady Gaga wished that the dress, more widely known as the “meat dress”, was interpreted as a statement of human rights with focus upon those in the LGBT community adding that “If we don’t stand up for what we believe in and if we don’t fight for our rights, pretty soon we’re going to have as much rights as the meat on our own bones.”[185] She later released three YouTube videos urging her fans to contact their Senators in an effort to overturn the policy. In late September 2010 she spoke at the Servicemembers Legal Defense Network‘s “4the14K” Rally in Deering Oaks Park in Portland, Maine. The name of the rally signified the number – an estimated 14,000 – of service members discharged under the DADT policy at the time. During her remarks, she urged members of the U.S. Senate (and in particular, moderate Republican Senators from Maine, Olympia Snowe and Susan Collins) to vote in favor of legislation that would repeal the DADT policy. Following this event, editors of The Advocate commented that she had become “the real fierce advocate” for gays and lesbians,[211] one that Barack Obama had promised to be.[212]

Lady Gaga appeared at Europride, a pan-European international event dedicated to LGBT pride, held in Rome in June 2011. In a nearly twenty-minute speech,[213] she criticized the intolerant state of gay rights in many European countries and described homosexuals as “revolutionaries of love”[214] before performing acoustic renderings of “Born This Way” and “The Edge of Glory” in front of thousands at the Circus Maximus. She stated that “Today and every day we fight for freedom. We fight for justice. We beckon for compassion, understanding and above all we want full equality now”.[215] Lady Gaga revealed that she is often questioned why she dedicates herself to “gayspeak” and “how gay” she is, to which, she told the audience: “Why is this question, why is this issue so important? My answer is: I am a child of diversity, I am one with my generation, I feel a moral obligation as a woman, or a man, to exercise my revolutionary potential and make the world a better place.” She then joked: “On a gay scale from 1 to 10, I’m a Judy Garland fucking 42.”[216]

Discography

Main article: Lady Gaga discography

Filmography

Concert tours

Headlining
Supporting
Co-headlining

See also

Portal icon Lady Gaga portal
Portal icon Music portal
Book icon Book: Lady Gaga
Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print.

Sumber dari : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Gaga



{December 4, 2011}  

Britney Spears

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Britney Spears

Spears performing on her 2011 Femme Fatale Tour
Background information
Birth name Britney Jean Spears
Born December 2, 1981 (1981-12-02) (age 30)
McComb, Mississippi, U.S.
Genres Pop, dance
Occupations Singer, songwriter, dancer, actress, record producer, author, fashion designer, video director
Instruments Vocals, piano
Years active 1992–present
Labels Jive, RCA[1]
Associated acts Innosense, The New Mickey Mouse Club
Website britneyspears.com
britney.com

Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American recording artist and entertainer. Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, Spears began performing as a child, landing acting roles in stage productions and television shows. She signed with Jive Records in 1997 and released her debut album …Baby One More Time in 1999. During her first decade in the music industry, she became a prominent figure in mainstream popular music and popular culture, followed by a much-publicized personal life. Her first two albums established her as a pop icon and broke sales records, while title tracks “…Baby One More Time” and “Oops!… I Did It Again” became international number-one hits. Spears was credited with influencing the revival of teen pop during the late 1990s.

In 2001, she released her third studio album Britney and expanded her brand, playing the starring role in the film Crossroads. She assumed creative control of her fourth studio album, In the Zone (2003), which yielded chart-topping singles “Me Against the Music“, “Toxic” and “Everytime“. After the release of two compilation albums, Spears experienced personal struggles and her career went into hiatus. Her fifth studio album, Blackout, was released in 2007 and despite receiving little promotion, it spawned hits “Gimme More” and “Piece of Me“. In 2008, her erratic behavior and hospitalizations caused her to be placed in a conservatorship. The same year, her sixth studio album Circus was released, with the global chart-topping lead single “Womanizer“. She embarked on her highest-grossing global concert tour,[2] The Circus Starring Britney Spears, in 2009. Her seventh studio album Femme Fatale, released in 2011, has become the first of her albums to yield three top ten singles in the United States, including her fourth US number one single, “Hold It Against Me“.

Spears has sold over 100 million records worldwide.[3] According to the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), she is the eighth top-selling female artist in the United States, with 33 million certified albums.[4] Spears is also recognized as the best-selling female artist of the first decade of the 21st century, as well as the fifth overall.[5] She was ranked the 8th Artist of the 2000s by Billboard.[6]

Contents

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Biography

1981–97: Early life and career beginnings

Britney Jean Spears was born on December 2, 1981, the second child of Lynne Irene (née Bridges) and James Parnell Spears. She is of English heritage through her maternal grandmother, who was born in London, and of distant Maltese descent.[7][8] Her siblings are Bryan James and Jamie Lynn.[9] At age three, she started to attend dance lessons in her hometown of Kentwood, Louisiana, and was selected to perform a solo at the annual recital. During her childhood, she also attended gymnastics and voice lessons, and won many state-level competitions and children’s talent shows.[10][11][12] Spears made her local stage debut at age five, singing “What Child Is This?” at her kindergarten graduation. She said about her ambition as a child, “I was in my own world, […] I found out what I’m supposed to do at an early age”.[11] At age eight, Spears and her mother Lynne traveled to Atlanta for an audition in the 1990s revival of The Mickey Mouse Club. Casting director Matt Cassella rejected her for being too young to join the series at the time, but introduced her to Nancy Carson, a New York City talent agent. Carson was impressed with Spears’s vocals and suggested enrolling her at the Professional Performing Arts School; shortly after, Lynne and her daughters moved to a sublet apartment in New York. Spears was hired for her first professional role as the understudy for the lead role of Tina Denmark in the Off-Broadway musical Ruthless!. She also appeared as a contestant on the popular television show Star Search, as well as being cast in a number of commercials.[13][14] In December 1992, she was finally cast in The Mickey Mouse Club, but returned to Kentwood after the show was canceled. She enrolled at Parklane Academy in nearby McComb, Mississippi. Although she made friends with most of her classmates, she compared the school to “the opening scene in Clueless with all the cliques. […] I was so bored. I was the point guard on the basketball team. I had my boyfriend, and I went to homecoming and Christmas formal. But I wanted more.”[11][15]

In June 1997, Spears was in talks with manager Lou Pearlman to join female pop group Innosense. Lynne asked family friend and entertainment lawyer Larry Rudolph for his opinion and submitted a tape of Spears singing over a Whitney Houston karaoke song along with some pictures. Rudolph decided he wanted to pitch her to record labels, therefore she needed a professional demo. He sent Spears an unused song from Toni Braxton; she rehearsed for a week and recorded her vocals in a studio with a sound engineer. Spears traveled to New York with the demo and met with executives from four labels, returning to Kentwood the same day. Three of the labels rejected her, arguing audiences wanted pop bands such as the Backstreet Boys and the Spice Girls, and “there wasn’t going to be another Madonna, another Debbie Gibson, or another Tiffany.” Two weeks later, executives from Jive Records returned calls to Rudolph.[16] Senior vice president of A&R Jeff Fenster stated about Spears’s audition that “It’s very rare to hear someone that age who can deliver emotional content and commercial appeal. […] For any artist, the motivation—the ‘eye of the tiger’— is extremely important. And Britney had that.”[11] They appointed her to work with producer Eric Foster White for a month, who reportedly shaped her voice from “lower and less poppy” delivery to “distinctively, unmistakably Britney.”[17] After hearing the recorded material, president Clive Calder ordered a full album. Spears had originally envisioned “Sheryl Crow music, but younger more adult contemporary” but felt all right with her label’s appointment of producers, since “It made more sense to go pop, because I can dance to it—it’s more me.” She flew to Cheiron Studios in Stockholm, Sweden, where half of the album was recorded from March to April 1998, with producers Max Martin, Denniz Pop and Rami Yacoub, among others.[11]

1998–2000: …Baby One More Time and Oops!… I Did It Again

After Spears returned to the United States, she embarked on a shopping mall promotional tour to promote her forthcoming album. Her show was a four song set and she was accompanied by two back up dancers. Her first concert tour followed, as an opening act for ‘N Sync.[18] Her debut album, …Baby One More Time, was released on January 1999. It debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 and was certified two-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America after a month. Worldwide, the album topped the charts in fifteen countries and sold over ten million copies in a year.[19] It became the biggest selling album ever by a teenage artist.[12] The title track was released as the lead single from the album. Originally, Jive Records wanted its music video to be animated; however, Spears rejected it, and suggested the final idea of a Catholic schoolgirl.[17] The single sold 500,000 copies on its first day, and peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100, topping the chart for two consecutive weeks.[20][21] “…Baby One More Time” later received a Grammy nomination for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance.[22] The title track also topped the singles chart for two weeks in the United Kingdom, and became the fastest-selling single ever by a female artist, shipping over 460,000 copies.[23] It would later become the 25th most successful song of all time in British chart history.[24] Spears is also the youngest female artist to have a million seller in the country.[25](You Drive Me) Crazy” was released as the third single from the album. It became a top-ten hit worldwide and propelled …Baby One More Time to sell 26 million copies.[26]

The April 1999 cover of Rolling Stone featured Spears lying on her bed, clad with a bra, shorts and an open top. The American Family Association (AFA) referred to the shoot as “a disturbing mix of childhood innocence and adult sexuality” and called to “God-loving Americans to boycott stores selling Britney’s albums.” Spears responded to the outcry commenting, “What’s the big deal? I have strong morals. […] I’d do it again. I thought the pictures were fine. And I was tired of being compared to Debbie Gibson and all of this bubblegum pop all the time.”[27] Shortly before, Spears had announced publicly she would remain a virgin until marriage.[12] On June 28, 1999, Spears began her first headlining …Baby One More Time Tour in North America, which was positively received by critics,[28] but generated some controversy due to her racy outfits.[29] An extension of the tour, titled Crazy 2k, followed in March 2000. Spears premiered songs from her upcoming second album during the show.[15] Oops!… I Did It Again, her second studio album, was released in May 2000. It debuted at number one in the US, selling 1,3 million copies, breaking the SoundScan record for the highest debut sales by any solo artist.[30] The album sold over 20 million copies worldwide.[31] Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone said that “the great thing about Oops! – under the cheese surface, Britney’s demand for satisfaction is complex, fierce and downright scary, making her a true child of rock & roll tradition.”[32] The album’s lead single, “Oops!… I Did It Again“, peaked at the top of the charts in Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and many other European nations.[25][33] The album as well as the title track received Grammy nominations for Best Pop Vocal Album and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, respectively.[34]

The same year, Spears embarked on the Oops!… I Did It Again World Tour, which grossed $40.5 million; she also released her first book, Britney Spears’ Heart-to-Heart, co-written with her mother.[12][35] On September 7, 2000, Spears performed at the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards. Halfway through the performance, she ripped off her black suit to reveal a sequined flesh-colored bodysuit, followed by heavy dance routine. It is noted by critics as the moment that Spears showed signs of becoming a more provocative performer.[36] Amidst media speculation, Spears confirmed she was dating ‘N Sync member Justin Timberlake.[12]

2001–03: Britney, Crossroads and In the Zone

In February 2001, Spears signed a $7–8 million promotional deal with Pepsi, and released another book co-written with her mother, entitled A Mother’s Gift.[12] Her third studio album, Britney, was released in November 2001. While on tour, she felt inspired by hip hop artists such as Jay-Z and The Neptunes and wanted to create a record with a funkier sound.[37] The album debuted at number one in the Billboard 200 and reached top five positions in Australia, the United Kingdom and mainland Europe and sold over 12 million copies worldwide.[25][38][39] Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic called Britney “the record where she strives to deepen her persona, making it more adult while still recognizably Britney. […] It does sound like the work of a star who has now found and refined her voice, resulting in her best record yet.”[40] The album was honored with two Grammy nominations—Best Pop Vocal Album and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for “Overprotected“— and was listed in 2008 as one of Entertainment Weeklys “100 Best Albums from the Past 25 Years”.[41][42] The album’s first single, “I’m a Slave 4 U“, became a top-ten hit worldwide.[43]

Spears’s performance of the single at the 2001 MTV Video Music Awards featured a caged tiger and a large albino python draped over her shoulders. It was harshly received by animal rights organization PETA, who claimed the animals were mistreated and scrapped plans for an anti-fur billboard that was to feature Spears.[36] To support the album, Spears embarked on the Dream Within a Dream Tour. The show was critically praised for its technical innovations, the pièce de résistance being a water screen that pumped two tons of water into the stage.[44][45] The tour grossed $43.7 million, becoming the second highest grossing tour of 2002 by a female artist, behind Cher‘s Farewell Tour.[46] Her career success was highlighted by Forbes in 2002, as Spears was ranked the world’s most powerful celebrity.[47] Spears also landed her first starring role in Crossroads, released in February 2002. Although the film was largely panned, most critics actually praised Spears’s acting.[48][49][50] Crossroads, which had a $11 million budget, went on to gross over $57 million worldwide.[50]

Spears performing “Me Against the Music” at the NFL Kickoff Live 2003

In June 2002, Spears opened her first restaurant, Nyla, in New York City, but terminated her relationship in November, citing mismanagement and “management’s failure to keep her fully apprised”.[51] In July 2002, Spears announced she would take a six month break from her career; however, she went back into the studio in October to record her new album.[52] Spears’s relationship with Justin Timberlake ended after three years. In December 2002, Timberlake released the song “Cry Me a River” as the second single from his solo debut album. The music video featured a Spears look-alike and fueled the rumors that she had been unfaithful to him.[53][54] As a response, Spears wrote the ballad “Everytime” with her backing vocalist and friend Annet Artani.[55] The same year, Limp Bizkit frontman Fred Durst confirmed that he was in a relationship with Spears, only to deny it later. In a 2009 interview, he explained that “I just guess at the time it was taboo for a guy like me to be associated with a gal like her.”[56] Spears opened the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards with Christina Aguilera, performing “Like a Virgin“. Halfway through they were joined by Madonna, with whom they both kissed. The incident was highly publicized.[50]

Spears released her fourth studio album, In the Zone, in November 2003. She assumed more creative control by writing and co-producing most of the material.[12] Vibe called it “A supremely confident dance record that also illustrates Spears’s development as a songwriter.”[57] NPR listed the album as one of “The 50 Most Important Recording of the Decade”, adding that “the decade’s history of impeccably crafted pop is written on her body of work.”[58] In the Zone sold over 609,000 copies in the United States and debuted at the top of the charts, making Spears the first female artist in the SoundScan era to have her first four studio albums to debut at number one.[12] It also debuted at the top of the charts in France and the top ten in Belgium, Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands.[59] In the Zone sold over 10 million copies worldwide.[60] The album produced the hit singles: “Me Against the Music“, a collaboration with Madonna; “Toxic“—which won a Grammy for Best Dance Recording; “Everytime” and “Outrageous“.[12]

2004–07: Compilation albums, motherhood, personal struggles and Blackout

On January 3, 2004, Spears married childhood friend Jason Allen Alexander at The Little White Wedding Chapel in Las Vegas, Nevada. The marriage was annulled 55 hours later, stating that Spears “lacked understanding of her actions”.[61] She began The Onyx Hotel Tour in support of In the Zone in March 2004.[62] On June 8, 2004, Spears fell and injured her left knee during the music video shoot for “Outrageous“. She was taken immediately to a local hospital, where doctors performed an MRI scan and found floating cartilage. The following day, Spears underwent arthroscopic surgery. She was forced to remain six weeks with a thigh brace, followed by eight to twelve weeks of rehabilitation, which caused The Onyx Hotel Tour to be canceled.[63] During 2004, Spears became involved in the Kabbalah Centre through her friendship with Madonna.[64]

In July 2004, she announced her engagement to American dancer Kevin Federline, whom she had met three months before. The romance received intense attention from the media, since Federline had recently broken up with actress Shar Jackson, who was still pregnant with their second child at the time.[12] The initial stages of their relationship were chronicled in Spears’s first reality show Britney & Kevin: Chaotic. They held a wedding ceremony on September 18, 2004, but were not legally married until three weeks later on October 6 due to a delay finalizing the couple’s prenuptial agreement.[65] Shortly after, she released her first fragrance with Elizabeth Arden, Curious, which broke the company’s first-week gross for a perfume.[12] In October 2004, Spears announced she would be taking another career break to start a family.[66] Greatest Hits: My Prerogative, her first greatest hits compilation album, was released in November 2004.[67] Spears’s cover version of Bobby Brown‘s “My Prerogative” was released as the lead single from the album, reaching the top of the charts in Finland, Ireland, Italy and Norway.[68] The second single, “Do Somethin’“, was a top ten hit in Australia, the United Kingdom and other countries of mainland Europe.[69][70] Worldwide, Greatest Hits: My Prerogative sold over 5 million copies.[71] In late 2004, Spears went on KIIS-FM radio in Los Angeles, CA to play a new demo titled “Mona Lisa.” The demo was to be the first single from an upcoming album called the “Original Doll.” However, Spears’ label later cancelled the album for unknown reasons.[72][73] Spears gave birth to her first child, Sean Preston Federline, on September 14, 2005.[74]

In November 2005, she released her first remix compilation, B in the Mix: The Remixes, which consists of eleven remixes.[75] In February 2006, pictures surfaced of Spears driving with her son Sean, on her lap instead of in a car seat. Child advocates were horrified by the photos of her holding the wheel with one hand and Sean with the other. Spears claimed that the situation happened because of a frightening encounter with paparazzi, and that it was a mistake on her part.[12] The following month, she guest-starred on the Will & Grace episode “Buy, Buy Baby” as closeted lesbian Amber Louise.[76] She publicly announced she no longer studied Kabbalah in June 2006, explaining, “my baby is my religion.”[64] Two months later, Spears posed nude for the cover of Harper’s Bazaar. The picture was heavily compared to Demi Moore‘s August 1991 Vanity Fair cover.[12] She gave birth to her second child, Jayden James Federline, on September 12, 2006.[77] On November 7, 2006, Spears filed for divorce from Federline, citing irreconcilable differences.[78] Their divorce was finalized in July 2007, when the couple reached a global settlement and agreed to share joint custody of their children.[79] Spears’s aunt Sandra Bridges Covington, with whom she had been very close, died of ovarian cancer in January.[80] On February 16, 2007, Spears stayed in a drug rehabilitation facility in Antigua for less than a day. The following night, she shaved her head with electric clippers at a hair salon in Tarzana, Los Angeles. She admitted herself to other treatment facilities during the following weeks.[81] After completing a month-long program at Promises, she wrote on her website, “I truly hit rock bottom. Till this day I don’t think that it was alcohol or depression. […] was like a bad kid running around with ADD.”[12] In May 2007, she produced a series of promotional concerts at House of Blues venues, titled The M+M’s Tour.[82] Spears lost physical custody of her children to Federline on October 1, 2007. The reasons of the court ruling were not revealed to the public.[83]

Her fifth studio album, Blackout, was released in October 2007. It debuted at the top of charts in Canada and Ireland, number two in the U.S. Billboard 200,—held off from the top spot by Eagles‘s Long Road out of Eden— France, Japan, Mexico and the United Kingdom and the top ten in Australia, Korea, New Zealand and many European nations. In the United States, Spears became the only female artist to have her first five studio albums debut at the two top slots of the chart.[84] Blackout sold over 3.1 million copies worldwide.[85] Peter Robinson of The Observer said that “Britney has delivered the best album of her career, raising the bar for modern pop music with an incendiary mix of Timbaland‘s Shock Value and her own back catalogue.”[86] Dennis Lim of Blender commented, “Spears’s fifth studio album is her most consistent, a seamlessly entertaining collection of bright, brash electropop.”[87] Blackout won Album of the Year at MTV Europe Music Awards 2008 and was listed as the fifth Best Pop Album of the Decade by The Times.[88][89] Spears performed the lead single “Gimme More” at the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards. The performance was panned by many critics. David Willis of BBC stated her performance would “go down in the history books as being one of the worst to grace the MTV Awards”.[90] Despite the backlash, the single rocketed to worldwide success, peaking at number one in Canada and the top ten in almost every country it charted.[91][92] The second single “Piece of Me” reached the top of the charts in Ireland and reached the top five in Australia, Canada, Denmark, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The third single “Break the Ice” was released the following year and had moderate success due to Spears not being able to promote it properly.[93][94][95] In December 2007, Spears began a relationship with paparazzo Adnan Ghalib.[96]

2008–10: Conservatorship and Circus

On January 3, 2008, Spears refused to relinquish custody of her sons to Federline’s representatives. She was hospitalized at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, after police that arrived at her house noted she appeared to be under the influence of an illicit substance. The following day, Spears’s visitation rights were suspended at an emergency court hearing, and Federline was given sole physical and legal custody of the children. On January 31, 2008, Spears was committed to the psychiatric ward of Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and put on 5150 involuntary psychiatric hold. The court placed her under temporary conservatorship of her father James Spears and attorney Andrew Wallet, giving them complete control of her assets.[12] Spears was released on February 6, 2008. Her parents expressed disappointment and concern at the decision to release her.[97] The following month, she guest-starred on the How I Met Your Mother episode “Ten Sessions” as receptionist Abby. She received positive reviews for her performance, as well as bringing the series its highest ratings ever.[98][99] In July 2008, Spears regained some visitation rights after coming to an agreement with Federline and his counsel.[100] On September 7, 2008, Spears opened the MTV Video Music Awards with a pre-taped comedy sketch with Jonah Hill and an introduction speech. She won Best Female Video, Best Pop Video and Video of the Year for “Piece of Me”.[101] A 60-minute introspective documentary, Britney: For the Record, was produced to chronicle Spears’ return to the recording industry. Directed by Phil Griffin, For the Record was entirely shot in Beverly Hills, Hollywood, and New York City during the third quarter of 2008.[102] Main shooting began on September 5, 2008, two days before Spears’ appearance at the MTV Video Music Awards. For the Record was broadcast on MTV on November 30, 2008 to 5.6 million viewers for the two airings on the premiere night. MTV reported that Spears’ documentary garnered on average, the highest rating in its Sunday night timeslot, in the network’s history.[103]

Her sixth studio album Circus, was released in December 2008. It received positive reviews from critics; according to the music review aggregation of Metacritic, it garnered an average score of 64/100.[104] Circus debuted at number one in Canada, Czech Republic and the United States, and inside the top in many European nations.[92][105] In the United States, Spears became the youngest female artist to have five albums debut at number one, earning a place in the Guinness Book of World Records.[106] She also became the only act in the Soundscan era to have four albums debut with 500,000 or more copies sold.[105] Circus became one of the fastest-selling albums of the year,[107] and has sold 4 million copies worldwide.[108][109] Its lead single, “Womanizer“, became her first number one in the Billboard Hot 100 since “…Baby One More Time” and topped the charts in countries such as Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Norway and Sweden.[110][111] It was also nominated for a Grammy in the category of Best Dance Recording.[112] In January 2009, Spears and her father James obtained a restraining order against her former manager Sam Lufti, ex-boyfriend Adnan Ghalib and attorney Jon Eardley—all of whom, court documents claim, had been conspiring to gain control of Spears’s affairs. The restraining order forbids Lutfi and Ghalib from contacting Spears or coming within 250 yards of her, her property or family members.[113] Spears embarked on The Circus Starring Britney Spears in March 2009. With a gross of U.S. $131.8 million, it became the fifth highest grossing tour of the year.[114]

She released her second greatest hits album, The Singles Collection in November 2009. “3” became her third number one single in the US, and was the first song to debut at the top of the charts in three years.[115] Later that month, she released an application for iPhone and iPod Touch titled “It’s Britney!”.[116] In May 2010, Spears’s representatives confirmed she was dating her agent Jason Trawick, and that they had decided to end their professional relationship to focus on their personal relationship.[117] Spears designed a limited edition clothing line for Candie’s, which was released in stores in July 2010.[118] On September 28, 2010, she made a cameo appearance on a Spears-themed tribute episode of American TV show Glee, titled “Britney/Brittany“. Spears approved of the episode, although her appearances received mixed reviews from critics.[119][120] The episode drew Glee’s second largest audience, as well as the show’s highest ratings ever.[121][122]

2011–present: Femme Fatale

Spears performing “Hold It Against Me” on her 2011 Femme Fatale Tour.

In March 2011, Spears released her seventh studio album Femme Fatale.[123] Max Martin and Dr. Luke executive produced the album and the album’s first single “Hold It Against Me“. The single debuted at number-one on the Billboard Hot 100. This gave Spears her fourth number-one single on the chart, and made her only the second artist in history to have two consecutive singles debut at number-one, after Mariah Carey.[124] The album peaked at number one in the United States(selling 276,000 copies), Canada, and Australia, and peaked inside the top ten on nearly every other chart. The album’s peak in the United States ties Britney with Mariah Carey and Janet Jackson for the third-most number ones among women.[125] Femme Fatale has sold over 590,000 copies in the United States and has been certified platinum by the RIAA.[126][127] The album received positive critical reviews after its release, receiving a score of 67 on Metacritic, her highest critical score since Oops!… I Did It Again, with many critics naming the album one of Spears’s best.[128] In April 2011, Spears appeared in a remix to the song “S&M” by Rihanna after Rihanna asked her fans via Twitter who they wanted her to collaborate with.[129] The song reached number one in the US in mid-April 2011, giving Britney her fifth number one on the chart.[130] In early May, Spears’ second single from Femme Fatale, “Till The World Ends“, reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100 and had ninety-eight million audience impressions on the Billboard chart, granting Spears the highest weekly audience of her 13-year chart career.[131] Femme Fatale’s third single “I Wanna Go” reached the top forty on the Billboard Hot 100 in June 2011. Among females in the last thirteen years, Spears now has the third-most top forty hits, with twenty-one.[132] In August, the single managed to reach the top-ten on the Billboard Hot 100, which is the first time for Spears to have three songs from one album in the top-ten.[133] On the week ending September 24, 2011, “I Wanna Go” moved 2-1 on the mainstream top 40, becoming her sixth number-one on that chart (making her tied for third all-time) and her first number-one and third top-ten pop song for Femme Fatale.[134] Spears now has the longest span of number ones on the mainstream top 40, with a length of twelve years, seven months, and four days.[134] In October 2011, the music video for Femme Fatale‘s fourth single “Criminal” caused controversy when British politicians criticized Spears for using replica guns while filming the video in an area of London that had been badly affected by the 2011 England riots. Members of the Hackney London Borough Council felt Spears “promoted gun violence” and suggested that Spears apologize and make a donation to a Hackney charity.[135] Spears’s management briefly responded, stating, “The video is a fantasy story featuring Britney’s boyfriend, Jason Trawick, which literally plays out the lyrics of a song written three years before the riots ever happened.”[136] Later that month, due to her continued popularity, Spears became the seventh artist to gain one billion cumulative views on her Vevo account.[137]

On March 2011, Spears announced that she would tour throughout the United States during summer 2011.[138] The Femme Fatale Tour opened June 16 at the Power Balance Pavilion in Sacramento, California[139] to positive reviews.[140] Many critics noted that Spears sang more of the concert live in response to lip-synching accusations during The Circus Starring Britney Spears, and that the dancing is some of her best in years.[140] The first ten US dates of the tour grossed $6.2 million, landing the fifty-fifth spot on Pollstar’s Top 100 North American Tours list for the half-way point of the year.[141] The tour will travel to Europe and South and Central America later in 2011.[142][143][144] On August 12, Spears announced that her performances at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto will be taped to air on the EPIX television channel and for a DVD release, resulting in the doubling of traffic to EPIX social sites and ‘Britney Spears’ becoming a worldwide trending topic on Twitter.[145] Her first televised concert since the Onyx Hotel Tour in 2004, the show, Britney Spears: Femme Fatale, was shot in 2D and 3D on August 13 and 14 and will premiere on Epix in November.[146][145]

On June 15, 2011, it was announced by Billboard that the RCA/Jive Label Group would be splitting, with Jive Records being fully moved under RCA Records staying intact. In August it was announced that Spears had officially joined the RCA’s roster.[147][148] During the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards on August 28 2011, MTV played tribute to Spears with a group of young female dancers that memorialised Britney’s music videos, performances, and style. Following which, Spears accepted the MTV Video Vanguard Award from Lady Gaga, who said that “industry wouldn’t be the same without [her]”.[149][150] On September 9, 2011, Spears announced her second remix album, B in the Mix: The Remixes Vol. 2, which was released on October 7, along with the tracklist.[151] On October 7, RCA Music Group announced it was disbanding Jive Records along with Arista Records and J Records. With the shutdown, Spears (and all other artists previously signed to these three labels) will release her future material on the RCA Records brand.[152][153]

Musical style and performance

Spears kissing Madonna at the 2003 MTV VMAs

Following her debut, Spears was credited with leading the revival of teen pop in the late 1990s. The Daily Yomiuri reported that “[m]usic critics have hailed her as the most gifted teenage pop idol for many years, but Spears has set her sights a little higher-she is aiming for the level of superstardom that has been achieved by Madonna and Janet Jackson.”[154] Rolling Stone wrote: “Britney Spears carries on the classic archetype of the rock & roll teen queen, the dungaree doll, the angel baby who just has to make a scene.”[155] Rami Yacoub who co-produced Spears’s debut album with lyricist Max Martin, commented, “I know from Denniz Pop and Max’s previous productions, when we do songs, there’s kind of a nasal thing. With N’ Sync and the Backstreet Boys, we had to push for that mid-nasal voice. When Britney did that, she got this kind of raspy, sexy voice.”[156] Following the release of her debut album, Chuck Taylor of Billboard observed, “Spears has become a consummate performer, with snappy dance moves, a clearly real-albeit young-and funkdified voice … “(You Drive Me) Crazy“, her third single … demonstrates Spears’s own development, proving that the 17-year-old is finding her own vocal personality after so many months of steadfast practice.”[157] Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic referred to her music as a “blend of infectious, rap-inflected dance-pop and smooth balladry.”[158] Spears later commented, “With …Baby One More Time, I didn’t get to show my voice off. The songs were great, but they weren’t very challenging”.[159]

Oops!…I Did It Again and subsequent albums saw Spears working with several contemporary R&B producers, leading to “a combination of bubblegum, urban soul, and raga.”[160] Her third studio album, Britney derived from the teen pop niche, “[r]hythmically and melodically … sharper, tougher than what came before. What used to be unabashedly frothy has some disco grit, underpinned by Spears’ spunky self-determination that helps sell hooks that are already catchier, by and large, than those that populated her previous two albums.”[161] Guy Blackman of The Age wrote that while few would care to listen to an entire Spears album, “[t]he thing about Spears, though, is that her biggest songs, no matter how committee-created or impossibly polished, have always been convincing because of her delivery, her commitment and her presence. For her mostly teenage fans, Spears expresses perfectly the conflicting urges of adolescence, the tension between chastity and sexual experience, between hedonism and responsibility, between confidence and vulnerability.”[162]

Her vocal ability has also been criticized, often drawing unfavorable comparison to her pop rival, Christina Aguilera.[163] Critic Allan Raible derides her overdependence in Circus on digital effects and the robotic effect it creates. “She’s never been a strong vocalist…” writes Raible, “Could she handle these songs with stripped down arrangements and no vocal effects? More importantly, would anyone want to hear her attempt such a performance? Does it matter? No. The focus is still image over substance.”[164] Her image and persona are also often contrasted to Christina Aguilera. David Browne of Entertainment Weekly observed “Christina Aguilera may flash skin and belly button, but in her music and manner, she’s too eager not to offend — she’s a good girl pretending to be bad. Spears, however, comes across as a bad girl acting good … Spears’ artificial-sweetener voice is much less interesting than the settings, yet that blandness is actually a relief compared with Aguilera’s numbing vocal gymnastics.[165] In contrast, Allmusic comments: “Like her peer Christina Aguilera, Britney equates maturity with transparent sexuality and the pounding sounds of nightclubs … Where Christina comes across like a natural-born skank, Britney is the girl next door cutting loose at college, drinking and smoking and dancing and sexing just a little too recklessly, since this is the first time she can indulge herself.[166] Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine notes, “The disparity between Aguilera and Spears can’t be measured solely by the timbre and octave range of their voices … [Aguilera’s] popularity has never reached the fever pitch of Britney’s.”[167]

It has been widely reported that Spears lip-syncs in concert. Author Gary Giddins wrote in his book Natural selection: Gary Giddins on comedy, film, music, and books (2006) that “among many other performers accused of moving their lips while a machine does the labor are Britney Spears, Luciano Pavarotti, Shania Twain, Beyoncé, and Madonna.”[168] Rashod D. Ollison of The Baltimore Sun observes: “Many pop stars … feel they have no choice but to seek vocal enhancement. Since the advent of MTV and other video music channels, pop audiences have been fed elaborate videos thick with jaw-dropping effects, awesome choreography, fabulous clothes, marvelous bodies. And the same level of perfection is expected to extend beyond the video set to the concert stage. So if Britney Spears, Janet Jackson or Madonna sounds shrill and flat without a backing track, fans won’t pay up to $300 for a concert ticket.”[169] Giddins adds, “it was reported Britney Spears fans prefer her to lip-sync—despite her denials of doing so (contradicted by her own director)—because they expect flawless digitalization when they pay serious money for a concert.”[168]

In Australia, NSW Fair Trading Minister Virginia Judge has advised disclaimers be printed on any ticket for concerts which contain any prerecorded vocals. She commented: “There could have been some instances where people actually go and purchase a ticket thinking that they’re going to have a live performance … for some people that means that everything is live, it’s fresh, it happens instantaneously, it’s not something that’s been pre-recorded. You want to make sure that they’re actually paying for what they think they’re getting.”[170] Noting on the prevalence of lip-syncing, Los Angeles Daily News reported “in the context of a Britney Spears concert, does it really matter? Like a Vegas revue show, you don’t go to hear the music, you go for the somewhat-ridiculous spectacle of it all”.[171] Similarly, Aline Mendelsohn of the Orlando Sentinel remarked: “Let’s get one thing straight: A Britney Spears concert is not about the music … you have to remember that it’s about the sight, not the sound.”[172] Critic Glenn Gamboa comments her concert tours are “like her life—a massive money-making venture designed to play up her talents and distract from her shortcomings with a mix of techno-tinged sex appeal and disco-flavored flash. And, like her life, it is, more or less, a success.[173]

Influences

Madonna (left) and Janet Jackson (right) are Spears’s two biggest influences.

Throughout her career, Spears has drawn frequent comparisons to Madonna and Janet Jackson, in terms of vocals, choreography and stage presence, citing both as influences in her work. She has also named Michael Jackson as a source of inspiration.[174] According to Spears: “I know when I was younger, I looked up to people… like, you know, Janet Jackson and Madonna. And they were major inspirations for me. But I also had my own identity and I knew who I was, you know.”[175] In the 2002 book Madonnastyle by Carol Clerk, she is quoted saying: “I have been a huge fan of Madonna since I was a little girl. She’s the person that I’ve really looked up to. I would really, really like to be a legend like Madonna.”[176]

Many critics have argued that Spears should not be considered in the same league of talent as Jackson or Madonna. Journalists Erika Montalvo and Jackie Sheppard of the Rocky Mountain Collegian observed “[s]ome may argue that Spears is not only a good recording artist but also an important cultural icon.”[177] However, in examining her level of skill as an artist, it is questioned that “[a]lthough she has been classified among female elites such as Janet Jackson and Madonna, what does Ms. Spears really have in common with these divas of rock?”[177] Joan Anderman of The Boston Globe remarked that “[t]hirteen costume changes in 90 minutes won’t bless her with Madonna’s intelligence or cultural barometer. An army of cutting-edge R&B producers won’t supply her with Janet Jackson’s sense of humor or sincere smile … Britney’s heroes aren’t great singers. But they’re real singers. Spears sounds robotic, nearly inhuman, on her records, so processed is her voice by digital pitch-shifters and synthesizers.”[178]

Reporter Ed Bumgardner commented her transition from teen pop start to adult sex symbol with her third studio album Britney “takes its cues from two other successful performers—Madonna and Janet Jackson—both of whom she brazenly rips off and both of whom, like Spears, are passable singers, at best.”[179] Critic Shane Harrison wrote: “From the minimalist thump and “Nasty” feel of “I’m a Slave 4 U” to the scattered quotes in “Boys“, [Britney] feels like [Spears’s] attempt at ‘Control‘.”[174]

Citing Jackson’s resolve to incorporate personal and social issues into her work and Madonna’s ability to constantly redefine the boundaries of socially acceptable material in the industry, Spears’s catalog ultimately pales in comparison, because “[w]hile Jackson and Madonna wrote their own music about subjects of importance, [Spears’s] music sounds like an upbeat version of either, ‘I want to grow up but the media won’t let me,’ or ‘Here kitty, kitty, I’m wearing my underwear outside of my leather pants’-type ballads.”[177] In contrast, Guy Blackman argues that although “no one would argue that Spears is some kind of pioneering pop auteur, there’s still a lot to like about her back catalogue. During her world-conquering peak, she was just about as cutting edge as you could get in the world of global pop superstardom. Spears didn’t just work with big names, she gave big names their names, and maintained her high currency in the world’s most fickle industry for years, when most aspiring starlets are lucky to manage months.”[162]

After meeting Spears face to face, Janet Jackson stated: “she said to me, ‘I’m such a big fan; I really admire you.’ That’s so flattering. Everyone gets inspiration from some place. And it’s awesome to see someone else coming up who’s dancing and singing, and seeing how all these kids relate to her. A lot of people put it down, but what she does is a positive thing.”[180] Madonna’s respect for Spears has also been a subject of observation. Santiago Fouz-Hernández and Freya Jarman-Ivens, authors of Madonna’s drowned worlds: new approaches to her cultural transformations, 1983-2003 (2004) note that the most well known cross-generational relationship exists between Spears and Madonna in which “the entertainment newsmedia almost became obsessed with their relationship of mutual admiration.”[181] The biographers also report “[s]ome observers of popular culture, however, feel that the comparisons between the two artist are meaningless and fail to recognize Madonna’s unique contribution: Madonna was never ‘just another pop star’ whereas Britney can more easily be seen as a standard manufactured pop act.”[181]

Legacy

See also: List of awards and nominations received by Britney Spears

Spears’s star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

Spears became an international pop culture icon immediately after launching her recording career. Rolling Stone magazine wrote: “One of the most controversial and successful female vocalists of the 21st century,” she “spearheaded the rise of post-millennial teen pop … Spears early on cultivated a mixture of innocence and experience that broke the bank”.[182] She is listed by the Guinness World Records as having the “Best-selling album by a teenage solo artist” for her debut album …Baby One More Time which sold over thirteen million copies in the United States.[183] Melissa Ruggieri of the Richmond Times-Dispatch reported, “She’s also marked for being the best-selling teenage artist. Before she turned 20 in 2001, Spears sold more than 37 million albums worldwide”.[184]

Barbara Ellen of The Observer has reported: “Spears is famously one of the ‘oldest’ teenagers pop has ever produced, almost middle aged in terms of focus and determination. Many 19-year-olds haven’t even started working by that age, whereas Britney, a former Mouseketeer, was that most unusual and volatile of American phenomena — a child with a full-time career. While other little girls were putting posters on their walls, Britney was wanting to be the poster on the wall. Whereas other children develop at their own pace, Britney was developing at a pace set by the ferociously competitive American entertainment industry”.[185] ‘Britney Spears’ was Yahoo!‘s most popular search term between 2005 and 2008, and has been in a total of seven different years.[186] Spears was named as Most Searched Person in the Guinness World Records book edition 2007 and 2009. Spears has also become a major influence among many new artists, including Kristinia DeBarge,[187] Lady Gaga,[188] Little Boots,[189] Selena Gomez & the Scene,[190] Pixie Lott[191] and Miley Cyrus who has cited Spears as one of her biggest inspirations and has also referenced Spears in her hit song “Party in the U.S.A.“.[192][193] Spears’ personal breakdown was also cited as an inspiration for Barry Manilow‘s album “15 Minutes“.[194]

In 2011, Adam Markovitz of Entertainment Weekly commented on the cultural significance of Spears’ voice and music. “We don’t ask a whole lot from Britney Spears as an entertainer…we’ll still send her straight up the charts simply because she’s Britney. She’s an American institution, as deeply sacred and messed up as pro wrestling or the filibuster. Musically, though, Spears will always have to measure up to her own gold standards of pop euphony: the operatic slither of 2004’s ‘Toxic’ and the candied funk of 2000’s ‘Oops!…I Did It Again.’ Spears is no technical singer, that’s for sure. But backed by Martin and Dr. Luke’s wall of pound, her vocals melt into a mix of babytalk coo and coital panting that is, in its own overprocessed way, just as iconic and propulsive as Michael Jackson‘s yips or Eminem‘s snarls.”[195]

Bebo Norman wrote a song about Spears, called “Britney“, which was released as a single. Boy band Busted also wrote a song about Spears called “Britney“, which was on their debut album.[196] She is also mentioned in P!nk‘s song “Don’t Let Me Get Me“. She was cited as the inspiration of Gwyneth Paltrow‘s character in the 2010 film Country Strong.[197] Richard Cheese called Britney Spears “a remarkable recording artist” and also went on to say that she was “versatile” and what the industry calls an “artist”. People magazine and MTV reported that October 1, 2008, the Bronx‘s John Philip Sousa Middle School, named their music studio in honor of Britney Spears.[198] Spears herself was present during the ceremony and donated $10,000 to the school’s music program.[199]

Discography

Main articles: Britney Spears discography and Britney Spears videography

Tours

Main article: List of Britney Spears concert tours

See also

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